Triticum aestivum L. is one of the main crops in the world and plays an important role in food security supply. In the past few decades， due to the complexity of wheat genome and the difficulty of genetic transformation， the basic and applied research of wheat has lagged behind other cereal crops. In 2014， remarkable progress was made in wheat genome editing， which promoted the development of wheat biotechnology. This paper summarized the research progress of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in wheat breeding， briefly introduced the discovery， principle， advantages and disadvantages of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology， and pointed out that the Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation in the process of wheat gene editing would reduce the gene silencing frequency compared with particle bombardment， and would become the mainstream genetic transformation in the process of gene editing in the future； optimizing the promoter of sgRNA and selecting the conserved sequence of homologous gene as the target can improve the efficiency of gene editing； the newly developed base editor and prime editor need to introduce more mutation types， and the feasibility of further improving the efficiency and safety of wheat gene editing was prospected to provide reference for future wheat breeding work.

With the evolution of natural species and the progress of agricultural science and technology over the past thousands of years， the world’s agricultural breeding has experienced three epochal leaps from primitive breeding to traditional breeding， and then to molecular breeding. Biological breeding is the abbreviation of “biotechnology breeding”， and belongs to a new generation of molecular breeding technology that integrates all kinds of cutting?edge technologies from transgenic breeding 3.0 to intelligent design breeding 4.0. Among them， the most representative technologies include genome?wide selection， genomic editing and synthetic biotechnology for breeding revolutionary and disruptive agricultural new varieties. This paper systematically reviewed the development course of agricultural transgenic breeding and biotechnology breeding at home and abroad， analyzed the severe challenges faced by China’s biological breeding， and put forward the countermeasures to accelerate the innovation and industrialization of biological breeding in China.

With the increasing commercial planting area of genetically modified products and the increasing international trade， higher requirements are put forward for the safety management of genetically modified organisms. As the key link of safety evaluation， the detection technology of genetically modified products has gradually attracted the attention of governments all over the world. At present， there are many rapid detection methods for genetically modified products， but these detection methods have higher requirements for equipment， reagents and professional laboratory personnel. Therefore， in order to effectively support the development and management of transgenic related industries， it is urgent to establish a highly sensitive， specific and efficient transgenic detection technology. Genome editing technology is a kind of genetic modification technology developed rapidly in recent years， and CRISPR/Cas technology， as a representative technology， has greatly promoted the development of biotechnology. CRISPR/Cas technology has been applied not only in the field of gene editing but also in the field of nucleic acid molecular detection. Therefore， based on the detection technology of genetically modified products， the inevitability of the development of CRISPR/Cas detection technology from the detection principle， detection effect and other technical aspects was analyzed， and looked forward to its application prospect in the detection of genetically modified products， in order to provide information for the rapid detection and effective supervision of genetically modified products in China， which is of great significance for ensuring the smooth progress of the trade of genetically modified products in China.

Fusarium head blight （FHB） is one of the most destructive wheat disease that threats to grain yield and food security in China. FHB resistant wheat varieties breeding is the most economical and effective way to manage the problem. Since 1990， the wheat cultivars of Yangmai and Ningmai series with moderate resistant to FHB played an important role in controlling the destruction of FHB in the Yangtze River area， resulting in our FHB resistance breeding reach to the international leading level. Although only seven resistance genes have been identified in wheat so far， which provide important support for the development of FHB resistant wheat variety， it is still very difficult to obtain wheat varieties with high level of resistance to FHB in combination with high yield due to the complex genetic mechanism. FHB resistant wheat variety breeding is still the main breeding objective in China at present and in the future. We summarized new FHB resistant lines/cultivars in China during “the 13th Five?year Plan” period， and suggested to identify the new FHB resistance genes/loci from Yangmai series wheat and introduce Fhb1 into Yangmai cultivars. In addition， it will be very important to pay attention to develop the high efficiency and accurate new technology for FHB phenotype. This review was expected to provide some comments for the breakthrough in FHB resistant wheat breeding in China.

Under the dual pressures of global population growth and arable land decreasing， the sustainable development of agriculture is urgent. Biological control， by utilizing natural enemies， beneficial microorganisms， and other beneficial organisms to suppress pests and pathogens， demonstrates great potential and it is an effective approach in modern agricultural pest and disease management. This article outlined the importance of biological control in sustainable agriculture and its positive role in protecting biodiversity and the environment. It detailed the application of pest natural enemies， the use of beneficial microorganisms to control plant diseases， the development of antagonist bacteria screening techniques， and the application of omics and nanotechnology. Finally， several improvement strategies were proposed， aimed at providing valuable references and guidance for the research and practical application of biological control， thereby enhanced the understanding and application of biological control technologies and promoted the development of sustainable agriculture.

The bHLH gene family is one of the biggest transcription factor families in plant. It plays important roles in the regulation of plant development and stress response. Previous studies showed that the functional research of bHLH in animals is very booming, but there is only little information available in plants. In this review, we surveyed the recent research progress of bHLH transcription family in plant stress response, growth and development. This study will offer some suggestions for the further research of bHLH family in the regulation of plant response to environmental stresses.

New breeding techniques （NBTs） refers to a class of new techniques for molecular breeding based on molecular biology tools， which can produce new powerful traits for crops in a short period and promote the development of new crop varieties， such as gene editing technology， RNA interference （RNAi） technology， cisgenesis technology， etc. These new technologies are currently being widely used in global agricultural breeding， and some new crop varieties have been approved for commercial production. However， the world has not yet reached a consensus on the safety and safety management of new crop varieties produced by new biological breeding technologies， and different safety regulation ideas， which may limit the process of development and commercial application of new crop varieties. At this stage， policies and guiding documents on the safety and supervision of NBTs crops form major developed countries around the world were reviewed in this paper， which was expected provide reference for the safety management and regulation polices of NBTs crops to our country.

Pullulanase belongs to a kind of starch debranching enzyme, which can specifically hydrolyze the α-1,6-linkages in branched oligosaccharides of amylopectin, and lead to the formation of amylase. Pullulanase together with other amylases are very useful in starch industry with good market prospect. The present review focuses on the structure, catalytic mechanism, enzymatic characterization,origin and application of pullulanase, and provides a brief overview on the latest studies.

Next generation sequencing technology is bringing huge amount of data to bioinformatics investigators. How to process these data effectively and timely, becomes a hot topic due to its importance to subsequent researches, such as transcriptome study, gene expression study etc. This paper discusses the state of the art of RNA sequencing data analysis, and discloses a data analysis service platform on top of that, which is built on elastic cloud computing technology. The platform integrates abundant software, employs high availability, high security design, provides both cost effective and high performance computing services to end users.

Maize is an important food and forage crop in China， and the prevention and control of insect pests and weeds is a major bottleneck problem faced by maize production in China. The application of transgenic insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant maize can reduce the usage of pesticides and play an important role in improving corn yield and harvest quality. Since the commercial application of transgenic insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant maize abroad in 1996， the lepidoptera pests such as corn borer and fall armyworm have been effectively controlled， and the weeding cost has been reduced， with remarkable economic， social and ecological benefits. Here， the development status of transgenic insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant maize in the world and China in the past ten years was summarized， the opportunities and challenges faced by the industrialization of transgenic insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant maize in China were analyzed， and some suggestions were provided for accelerating the industrialization application of transgenic maize in China.

Exopolysaccharides are multifunctional glycan compounds synthesized by microorganisms. In recent years， it has been found that exopolysaccharides have the functions of adsorption， hydrophilicity， cohesiveness and immune activity， which have attracted extensive attention in the field of multidisciplinary researches. At present， the production and purification process of exopolysaccharides has several problems， such as high cost and low yield， which limit the large-scale production and commercial application. In this review， the microbial sources， biological characteristics and physiological functions of exopolysaccharides were systematically introduced， the biosynthetic mechanisms of several exopolysaccharides with industrial application potentials were emphatically summarized， and the latest application directions of exopolysaccharides were listed. Moreover， the biosynthetic mechanisms， the large-scale production， and multi-field application of exopolysaccharides were prospected. Therefore， this review was expected to provide a reference for the further development and utilization， in-depth study of the function and activity mechanism， and the optimization of fermentation production process of microbial exopolysaccharides， and the extensive application in multiple disciplines and fields.

Fusarium head blight （FHB or scab） is a destructive disease which threatens the wheat production and food security in the world. Growing disease?resistant varieties is acknowledged as the most cost?effective means for the disease control. Owing to lack of resistant cultivars， researchers have diverted their attention to wheat wild relatives for seeking resistance sources in wheat breeding purpose. Alien chromosome harboring resistance genes can be introduced into wheat through chromosome engineering by creation of addition， substitution and translocation lines. This review summarized the latest research progress on the incorporation of alien chromatin from wheat related species， such as Leymusracemosus into common wheat， the selection of wheat alien germplasms and their application in wheat FHB resistance breeding， which was expected to provide reference for wheat FHB resistance breeding.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are developed and improved quickly these years as a powerful alternative to genomics researches. NGS platforms have been used more and more for the de novo sequencing of crops or plants genomes in recent years. In this review, we outline some important crops de novo genome assembly projects for which NGS technologies are used as an important part, in order to show the important potential that NGS technologies are expected to advance crop genetics and breeding, leading to crop improvement.

Vectors used to carry foreign genes play an important role in gene therapy,among which, the adeno-associated virus(AAV) has many advantages, such as nonpathogenicity, low immunogenicity, stable and long-term expression and multiple-tissue-type infection, ect. AAV is one of the hottest and most hopeful vectors in current days and has been extensively used in clinical research. With the research and development of AAV vector, the new vector systems will play a more important role in gene therapy. This review describes the recent development of AAV vector including the serum type, the new vector systems, the production processes and the scale up, the AAV-mediated clinical trials, the problems remained and the possible solutions. With the development of AAV vector, new vector system will play more important role in gene therapy.

The research and application of DNA recombination technology, i.e. DNA cloning technology is an important branch of the development of modern biology and outstanding area of molecular biology. The paper started from the types and the related biological concepts of DNA recombination, summarized the traditional digestion-ligation classical cloning method, site-specific recombination cloning method and homologous recombination cloning method had been reported at present. The aspects of respective principles, steps, characteristics and practical applications were focused on. Finally, an induction of respective merits and drawbacks and application scopes of these methods and the review for achievements and the prospect for future were described.

In order to solve the pollution caused by sulfamethoxazole in aquatic water, the antibacterial agent sulfamethoxazole was used as the sole carbon source, and the microflora to degrade sulfamethoxazole was obtained by four continuous subculture enrichment. 16S V3-V4 high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the community composition and the abundance changes in each generation of bacteria, and the strain information related to sulfamethoxazole degradation was speculated. The strain LLE3 to degrade sulfamethoxazole was obtained by further isolation and purification. LLE3 was preliminarily identified as Sphingobacterium by 16S rDNA and physiological and biochemical identification. The degradation conditions of the bacteria were optimized. Under the optimal degradation conditions (30 ℃, pH 7, inoculation concentration of 5×107 CFU·mL-1), the bacteria can degrade 50 mg·L-1 sulfamethoxazole with an efficiency of 93.7% within 7 days. The metabolite degraded by strain LLE3 was identified as N-\[4-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl sulfamoyl) phenyl\] acetamide by high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. These results provide excellent microbial resources for the remediation of water and soil environment polluted by sulfamethoxazole.

The synthesized azo dyes are widely used in food production as a food color because they give stable and light color. However, azo dyes have been reported to be harmful for human health. Therefore, it is necessary to detect their residues in foods by a rapid and accurate method. A review on the recent progress of research for analysis method of azo dyes was presented in this paper, with 36 references cited.

Corn is an important food crop and feed crop in China. At present， transgenic technology as a representative of biological breeding technology， has become the frontier and core technology in commercial breeding program. Transgenic corn with various excellent traits has been developed by transgenic technology in the world， which has created huge economic benefits. At the same time， unified and effective regulatory measures are important base for the genetic researches， development， extension and commercialization of genetically modified corn. Safety evaluation is the precondition for effective regulation. In this study， the commercialization progress of genetically modified corn and the research progress in transgene for important traits of corn were reviewed， and the food safety evaluation of genetically modified corn was summarized， which aimed to provide theoretical reference for research， management and promotion of genetically modified corn in China.

CRISPR/Cas system is a simple， inexpensive， high efficiency， and precise tool for genome editing. It can precise genome modification and speed up breeding process， which has great potential in creating novel germplasm. This paper summarized CRISPR/Cas toolkits as well as their application in herbicide-resistant crops breeding， and briefly introduced the current challenges and future application of CRISPR/Cas technology for developing herbicide-resistant crops. The paper aimed to provide a theoretical basis for generating herbicide-resistant crops with CRISPR/Cas system in the future.

The research on food additives mainly is focusing on three areas, i.e. development of novel natural safe food additives, application of new technologies on the preparation of food additives and detection analysis of food additives. The current status, development trend and several highly concerned topics in food additives were briefly introduced and discussed. And the distribution of the projects about food additives approved by NSFC over the past 2 years was analyzed. Among all these projects about food additives, the research about novel natural food additives has been paid the relatively high attention to, and the research about the application of biotechnology on preparation of food additives has been highlighted this year. In summary, the funding support by NSFC in this discipline is in line with the development trend of food additives.