Current Biotechnology

Current Status and Development Trend of Research of Food Additives
YANG Xin-quan1, TIAN Hong-yu2, CHEN Zhao-bo3, JIANG Zheng-qiang1, PENG Xi-chun4, ZHANG Ya-li5
2011, 1(5): 305-311. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.01
Abstract ( ) PDF (477KB)( )

The research on food additives mainly is focusing on three areas, i.e. development of novel natural safe food additives, application of new technologies on the preparation of food additives and detection analysis of food additives. The current status, development trend and several highly concerned topics in food additives were briefly introduced and discussed. And the distribution of the projects about food additives approved by NSFC over the past 2 years was analyzed. Among all these projects about food additives, the research about novel natural food additives has been paid the relatively high attention to, and the research about the application of biotechnology on preparation of food additives has been highlighted this year. In summary, the funding support by NSFC in this discipline is in line with the development trend of food additives.

Progress of Protein Chip Construction Technology
SHA Sha, ZHENG Xiao-dong*
2011, 1(5): 312-317. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.02
Abstract ( ) PDF (432KB)( )

Protein chip is a new technology established to investigate proteins in a massively parallel way, which is of vast application in various life science fields. However, due to delicate characteristics of protein itself and chips′ configuration requirements, protein chips are facing numerous challenges, which are in hot discussion between researchers. In this paper, aspects of chip configuration, probe immobilization methods and detection methods were stated and discussed, as well as their relevant technology advancement was being introduced.

Review on the Relationship of Polysaccharide Molecular Chain Comformation Changes and Bioactivities
WANG Qiang, LIU Hong-zhi, ZHONG Kui
2011, 1(5): 318-326. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.03
Abstract ( ) PDF (736KB)( )

Polysaccharides have received much attention with respect to their biological functions such as immuactivity, anti-tumor and antioxidant. On the basis of analysis on the references about polysaccharides, this paper summarized the effect of molecule side chain, molecular weight, molecular modified, solution, metal ion, temperature, pH and ultrahigh pressure on conformation, analyzed the relationship of flexibility helix form of molecule chain to bioactivity, and proposed the scientific problems and the development tendency of relationship of polysaccharide molecular chain comformation changes and bioactivities.

Effect of Phenolic Antioxidant on Maillard Reaction and its Action Mechanism
OU Shi-yi
2011, 1(5): 327-333. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.04
Abstract ( ) PDF (714KB)( )

Maillard reaction is a very important and the most complex reaction which is occurred in the process of food processing and storage and plays an active role on the formation of flavor compounds in foods. However, the food safety problem of Maillard reaction increased gradually in the past two or three decades. Maillard reaction was affected by the amino and carbonyl groups of food component, but little research was reported about the interference effect of other substance on the Maillard reaction. This paper reviews the characteristics of antioxidants and free radical formation which happened in the process of Maillard reaction, and the effect of phenolic antioxidants on the formation of harmful substances, such as acrylamide, furan and HMF. On this basis, the paper also provides some scientific issues in the future study.

Basic Biochemical Mechanisms of Polyphenols
HUANG Hai-zhi, SUN Yu-jing, LIU Dong-hong, YE Xing-qian*
2011, 1(5): 334-341. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.05
Abstract ( ) PDF (732KB)( )

Plant polyphenols, which are widely present in plants, have many functions beneficial to human health. However, the actual molecular interactions mechanism of polyphenols with biological systems remains mostly unclear. This paper reviews on some mechanisms that have been identified, includes: ①non specific mechanism, such as antioxidation action and interactions with membranes; ②specific mechanism, such as interactions with enzymes,transcription factors and receptors. Besides, this paper introduces some others mechanisms, such as inhibiting the digestion and absorption of triglyceride; playing as a promoting factors of growth and proliferation for beneficial gut bacteria beneficial gut bacterias growth. The better knowledge on biological effects of polyphenols interactions with cell components will contribute to develop nutritional and pharmacological strategies oriented to prevent and cure human diseases.

Status and Trends of Microorganism Rapid Detection by Electrochemical Method
ZHANG Ai-ping, TANG Jia-ni, MENG Rui-feng, LIU Dong-hong*
2011, 1(5): 342-346. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.06
Abstract ( ) PDF (379KB)( )

Since Stewart proposed to detect microorganisms by electrochemical method in 1898, the electrochemical method had been developed as a method for rapid detection of microorganisms. Electrochemical method can be divided into impedance and dielectric constant method according to the different parameters. Impedance method is mainly used in food industry, especially the detection of perishable food before corruption. The dielectric constant is used to detect the number of microorganisms in bio-fermentation process, which can achieve real-time monitoring and controlling the process. Because of its rapid and antomated character, there is broad application prospect for electrochemical method.

Research Progress of Brett Flavor Detection in Red Wine and its Inhibition Method
FENG Tao, ZHUANG Hai-ning
2011, 1(5): 347-351. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.07
Abstract ( ) PDF (401KB)( )

Grape wine is one of the favorite wine of people,which has occupied more and more high proportion in peoples′ daily consumption. But many grape wine might be subjected to microbial pollution during its production, storage and transportation. Some microorganism could produce malic flavor. Brettanomyces yeast is such a kind of microorganism. The Brett flavors such as 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol produced in wine has been able to cause the great influence of the flavor. This paper reviews the generation mechanism of Brett flavor,the detection and inhibition methods of malic flavors, which could be refered by domestic red wine industry to detect such a related malic flavor and its inhibition method.

Optimization of Determination Condition for Volatile and Semi-Volatile Compounds in Rice Wine by SPME-GC-MS
ZHU Pan-wei1, SHU Jie1, LIU Dong-hong1*, ZHOU Jian-di2
2011, 1(5): 352-356. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.08
Abstract ( ) PDF (491KB)( )

A method for detection of volatile and semi-volatile compounds in rice wine by SPME-GC-MS was developed. The analysis parameters of extraction time, sample temperature, warm-up time, content of rice wine, content of sodium chloride, desorption time were optimized. The optimized method was as follows: 6 mL rice wine sample was put into 20 mL bottle and dissolved with 2.0 g NaCl. With 15 min warm-up time, the sample was extracted by 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber for 30 min at the temperature of 60℃, then the volatiles and semi-volatiles were desorbed from the fiber at temperature of 250℃ for 6 min. It is a simple, quick methed, with less interference and high sensitivity.

Optimization the Detecting Method of Staphylococcus aureus and Investigation the Prevalence in Aquatic Products of Zhoushan
WAN Jing, ZHOU Xiang-yang*, HU Xing-juan, SHEN Biao, ZHANG Jing, BEI Wen-lian, PAN Dong-dong
2011, 1(5): 357-361. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2011.05.09
Abstract ( ) PDF (710KB)( )

Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen which can cause food poisoning. To simplify the complicated detecting method of Staphylococcus aureus and understand the prevalence in aquatic product of Zhoushan area, this paper compared 3 PCR identification systems of Staphylococcus aureus. According to the specificity and sensitivity of PCR identification systems, one optimal PCR identification system of Staphylococcus aureus was selected. Based on the selected method and national standard approach, we investigated the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in 120 samples collected from the aquatic products processing factory of Zhoushan city. The result showed that the positive rate of Staphylococcus aureus contamination among the 120 samples was 8.3%, and there was no significant difference in positive rate between PCR method and national standard approach. The detected positive samples were focused on the raw material and the environment, but not in the semi-finished and finished aquatic products. The results indicated that the finished aquatic products was relatively safe, but a certain degree of security hidden danger existed in the raw material and the environment of the aquatic products processing factory.

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