Table of Content

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• Current Biotechnology
  Volume 2 Issue 3 25 May 2012
• Advances in Function and Regulation of Annexin
• HUANG Yi-qun, ZUO Kai-jing*
• 2012, 2(3):  157-164.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2012.03.
• Abstract ( ) PDF (3365KB)( )
Annexins are calcium-dependent lipid-binding proteins spread through the Eukaryote and Prokaryote. Annexins can reversibly bind to phospholipids and calcium ion. In this review, we surveyed the current knowledge of annexin function and structure, and revealed its important role in the regulation animal and plant life processes, like membrane organization, cell development and apoptosis.
• Advances in Studies of Culture Methods of Oligotrophic Microbes
• ZENG Jian-min, ZENG Zhen-shun, YUAN Hong-juan, TAN Zhi-yuan*
• 2012, 2(3):  165-170.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2012.0 .
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1876KB)( )
The culture-independent technique of 16S rRNA clone and sequencing in samples of environments suggests that there exists a host of unique and culture-independent microbes in nature. It is an important subject to learn how to explore as many as microbes. In view of that, this paper reviews the mainly reasons why is difficult for us to culture these culture-independent microbes and introduces the innovative culture technique and the improved culture medium those are proved stunning effective recently. By doing that we believe more and more innovative culture technique will show up in near future.
• Research on Analysis of Azo Dyes in Food Products
• XUE Huyin, YIN Yongmei, ZHANG Taichang, SONG Pei, TIAN Xi, ZHANG Yu, MENG Meng*,
• 2012, 2(3):  171-176.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.20952341.2012.03.
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1162KB)( )
The synthesized azo dyes are widely used in food production as a food color because they give stable and light color. However, azo dyes have been reported to be harmful for human health. Therefore, it is necessary to detect their residues in foods by a rapid and accurate method. A review on the recent progress of research for analysis method of azo dyes was presented in this paper, with 36 references cited.
• Progress of Research on Synthesis of Heparin Through Modification of Heparosan
• WANG Chang, YAN Ziqin, Zhao Lei, Zhong Weihong*
• 2012, 2(3):  177-183.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.20952341.2012.03.04
• Abstract ( ) PDF (2334KB)( )
Heparin and heparin sulfate have been widely used as anticoagulant drugs in clinical application, and may play an important role in anticancer and antivirus. Traditional chemical synthesis of heparin is costly and tedious, although this approache has successfully manufactured heparin. Synthesis of heparin and its derivatives from microorganism became a hot topic. This article summarizes the structure and function of heparin, the recent progress on the chemical and enzymatic synthesis of heparin/heparan sulfate, and the application prospect of heparosan.
• Effect of Low Potassium Stress on the Growth and Changes of Several Physiological Indexes of Different Rice Genotypes
• KU Wen-zhen, ZHAO Yun-lin, DONG Meng
• 2012, 2(3):  184-189.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2012.0 .
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1191KB)( )
Two low potassium tolerant rice(Oryza sotiva L.)genotype, N18 and N19, and their recipient,N27(control) were used in this experiment to investigate the effects of low potassium stress on the growth and changes of several physiological indexes of different rice genotypes at seedling stage. The results showed that under low potassium stress, the height, fresh and dry weight of shoots of the recipient depressed greater than that of low potassium tolerant rice genotypes. Under low potassium stress, root length, root dry weight, root volume and root vigor of all genotypes were decreased, which were more significantly of N18 and N19 than those in N27 respectively. Furthemore, low potassium stress increased the ratio of root/shoot, but the differences in it were inconspicuous among the three genotypes tested. Under low potassium stress, free amino acid contents and soluble suger content in leaves of all genotypes were increased, the increases of which were less in N18 and N19 than in N27. Under low potassium stress, soluble protein contents in leaves were decreased, reductions of which were more in N27 than in N18 and N19.
• Identification and Distribution of Endophytic Fungi in Some Wild Dendrobia Plants Grown in Dehong, Yunnan
• HONG Qun-yan1#, DONG Wen-han3#, XU Wen-ting2, YANG Gen-hua1*, LIANG Quan3, PU Jing-yue2, QIN Wei1
• 2012, 2(3):  190-194.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2012.0 .
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1156KB)( )
Forty-three strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of the 8 different wild Dendrobia plants. After 5.8S rDNA sequence analysis, these strains were clarified to 13 genera including Colletotrichum、Fusarium、Gibberella、Glomerella、Hypocrea、Nectria、Phomopsis、Phoma、Trichoderma and some others. In all the fungi,Colletotrichum were isolated most frequently from stems and leaves and the isolation rate was accounted for 39.5%, while Hypocrea, Nectria and Gibberella strains were firstly isolated from wild Dendrobia plants. It was also demonstrated that the endophytic fungi highly diverse depending up Dendrobia plants. Furthermore, the distribution of endophytic fungi highly varied from roots, stems and leaves. This research has got abundant resources of endophytic fungi.
• Production of Pullulanase by High Cell Density Cultivation of Recombinant Escherichia coli
• QIAO Yu, DING Hong-biao, YAN Jun-yan, CHANG Min
• 2012, 2(3):  195-200.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2012.03.07
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1174KB)( )
The recombinant Escherichia coli producing pullulanase was studied. After analysis of the data in the shake flask culture, the strategy of producing of pullulanase by high cell density cultivation of recombinant E.coli was investigated. The data of the cell optical density, cell dry mass, separation of soluble and insoluble cell fractions, SDS-PAGE were analyzed cell growth and production of pullulanase. Shake flask experiments were done in the defined medium and LB medium. After 5h of induction, the specific pullululanase concentration obtained on defined medium was considerably higher than that on LB medium, whereas the cell growth was slower. The pullulanase produced on defined medium accumulated in the insoluble cell fraction less than that on LB medium. A pre-determined feeding (μset=0.12) strategy was chosen to maintain carbon-limited growth using a defined medium. Feeding was carried out to increase the cell mass concentration exponentially in the bioreactor in order to prevent the accumulation of acetic acid. Expression of pullulanase was induced when cell concentration OD600 was 70.0. Applying the feeding strategy, final cell concentration of 53.3g per liter dry cell weight (g/L DCW) and production of pullulanase in the soluble cell fraction in a volumetric concentration of 1.35 g per liter were obtained.
• Production of Fumaric Acid by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Raw Tapioca Flour with Rhizopus arrhizus
• HAN Weiqiang1, GU Chunbo1, DENG Li1*, WANG Fang1, TAN Tianwei1, LI Kefei2
• 2012, 2(3):  201-205.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.20952341.2012.0 .
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1436KB)( )
Rhizopus arrhizus was applied in fumaric acid fermentation with unhydrolyzed raw tapioca flour as the carbon source. The effects of tapioca flour fineness, the calcium carbonate amount, oxygen vectors additive and rotation speed in flasks on fumaric acid prodution from raw tapioca flour by Rhizopus arrhizus was investigated. The fermentation processes of glucose and raw tapioca flour as two carbon sources in flasks were compared. A maximum fumaric acid production of 46.36 g/L in flasks was obtained with a productivity of 0.32 g/L·h. Using a selfmade 2.5 L airlift reactor(culture temperature 30℃, aeration rate 154 vvm, the filling volume 1.3 L), the fumaric acid production was up to 42.32 g/L, with a productivity of 0.29 g/L·h.
• Optimization of Cultural Condition of Aeromonas hydrophila L1 Inactive Vaccine for Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus
• JIANG Qi-huan1, YE Ying-wang1, HU Wang2, JIANG He2, FAN Teng-fei1, LU Jian-feng1*
• 2012, 2(3):  206-211.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2012.0 .
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1120KB)( )
The growth curve of Aeromonas hydrophila L1 were studied in this paper. Orthogonal design was employed to test the best broth components for the strain growing, and the results showed that the best condition was peptone 10 g/L, yeast extract 15 g/L, sucrose 7 g/L, and K2HPO4 4.56 g/L, respectively. The antigenicity was strongest when the conditions of making vaccines was 0.2% formaldehyde at 28℃ for 36 h, and it is qualified by sterility test and safety inspection. The injected relative percent survival of vaccines reached 90% by animal protection test. These data provide the technical basis for vaccine mass production in the future.
• Detection of Evaluated Indexes for Pit Mud
• ZHAO Changqing1, YANG Qinhuan2, DENG Jing1, WU Huachang1
• 2012, 2(3):  212-216.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.20952341.2012.03.10
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1064KB)( )
The sensory, the physical, chemical and microbial evaluated indexes of pit mud for ten pits were measured including moisture, humus, available phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, pH, total number of bacterial, the number of Bacillus and calcium. Then, the obtained value of sensory index was added with the physical, chemical and microbial evaluated indexes and thus the total score of evaluated indexes for each pit mud was obtained. The results showed that the total scores for No.6 and No.2 were maximal as 97.5 and 96.5 respectively which were with high quality; while the total scores for No.1 and No.9 were 23 and 27 with poor quality; and other samples of pit mud were with general quality. The results were basically the same as the single results of the sensory evaluation, or the physical, chemical and microbiological indexes. The experiments demonstrated that the detection of the indexes could contribute to the following corrective measures in production.
• Agro-Biotechnology Application in Myanmar
• May Sandar Kyaing, SU Xiao-feng
• 2012, 2(3):  217-220.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2341.2012.03.
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1064KB)( )
Myanmar, formerly known as Burma, is an agricultural country and the economy of the whole country heavily relies on the agricultural sector. The two distinct agro-eco climates allow the country to cultivate different crops throughout the year. The main agricultural research centers are under Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation (MOAI), Ministry of Science and Technology and Ministry of Education. Current biotechnology researches focus on plant micropropagation, molecular breeding and breeding of rice by Gamma radiation, transgenic cotton research, genetic diversity of Myanmar rice cultivars, and biofertilizers. Although Myanmar at the moment does not yet have national policy on biosafety, guidelines or regulatory controls on the imports of GM food or food products, it is possible to import seeds (also possible the GM seeds) from neighboring countries. In 2010, Myanmar has officially become the fifth country in South and South East Asia, and the 29th country in the world to commercialize biotech crops (especially the long staple insect resistant Bt cotton). Overall, as biotechnology have been established for last decade in Myanmar, well-trained biotechnologists, research collaboration locally and internationally, well-organized network are still needed to improve.
• South Africa Agricultural Biotechnology Annual
• 2012, 2(3):  221-230.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.20952341.2012.03.12
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1125KB)( )
The production of biotech crops in South Africa continued to expand in 2010 to reach 2.2 million hectares, making South Africa the ninth largest producer of biotech crops in the world. South Africas new Consumer Protection Bill came into effect on April 1, 2011. The new act require virtually every product label in South Africa’s food and beverage industry to be changed to comply with mandatory GMO labeling requirements. The intent of the law is to prevent exploitation or harm of consumers and to promote the social well being of consumers. Post expects mandatory GMO labeling for all domestic and imported GMO food products and liability clauses in this bill will directly affect U.S. companies with food and agricultural interests in South Africa.