Table of Content

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• Current Biotechnology
  Volume 7 Issue 6 25 November 2017
• Research Progress on Diversity of Endophytic Diazotrophs in Wild Rices
• LIU Lihui1, JIANG Huimin2, WANG Peixuan2, TANG Xiaoyu2, PENG Guixiang2, TAN Zhiyuan1*
• 2017, 7(6):  567-579.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0027
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1370KB)( )
Wild rice species are important germplasm resources, which serve as valuable bioresources of functional microorganisms. There are a lot of researches on endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in different host plants at home and abroad, but no report in wild rice. Diverse endophytic bacteria that were found in wild rice at least belongs to 31 generas and 74 species, most of which are facultative endophytic diazotrophs with a wide range of hosts and some of which just had been found for the first time. There is a huge space for the exploration of endophytic diazotrophs in wild rice. The existing research findings focused on the biological characteristics of nitrogen fixing bacteria, such as promote growth and disease resistance aspects. The isolated and identified endophytic diazotrophs in wild rice were summarized and analyzed in this paper, as well as the diversity of their species, habitats and biological functions were comprehensively reviewed, which was aimed to enrich the bioresource of microorganisms used in industrial and agricultural areas, and provide reliable theoretical basis and direction for promoting plant growth and the development of microbial fertilizer.
• Progress on the Bioactivity of Fumagillin and its Derivatives
• CHANG Baiyang1,2, WANG Jianming2, WANG Min1*, WANG Tongtong1*
• 2017, 7(6):  580-586.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0028
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1352KB)( )
Fumagillin is a kind of antibiotic isolated from the extracting solution of Aspergillus fumigatus with a variety of biological activities. As it exhibits many bioactivities, many derivatives have been synthesized and used in multiple areas. This paper introduced fumagillin and its three derivatives, such as Fumagillin B, TNP-470 and CKD-732, including their molecular structures and bioactivities. We also summarized the effects of fumagillin and its derivatives in the treatment of bee and fish microsporidiosis, as well as in the treatment of cancer, obesity, and so on.
• Progress on Collagen Aggregates and Their Aggregation Behavior
• WANG Guangyu1,2, XIAO Meitian1, ZHAO Peng1*, CHEN Junde2*
• 2017, 7(6):  587-593.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0058
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1256KB)( )
Collagen is an important structural protein of the organism. Due to the unique biocompatibility, biodegradability, low immunogenicity, hemostatic, promoting cell growth and other biological characteristics, collagen has been widely used in fields including biomedical materials, foods, cosmetics and drugs. The aggregation behavior of collagen is an important factor affecting the quality of collagen products, and it is a scientific and technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the process of collagen production. In this paper, the research progress of collagen aggregation behavior in recent years was summarized, the aggregation behavior and aggregates of collagen, the influence of aggregates structure on their biological function, the affecting factors and detection techniques of aggregation behavior as well as the applications of collagen aggregates were introduced, which were expected to provide new thought for development of collagen products.
• Progress and Prospect of CRISPR/Cas System Research and Development
• WANG Youhua, ZOU Wannong, KANG Yuli, TANG Qiaoling, SUN Guoqing*
• 2017, 7(6):  594-600.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0091
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1258KB)( )
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has been found for 20 years until now. But since the successful application of the first CRISPR/Cas gene editing, CRISPR achieves rapid development in the pharmaceutical, agriculture and environmental protection in a short time. This paper summarized the progress on classification and application of CRISPR/Cas system. We also reviewed the status, hotspot, trend of research and development in current field, and put forward the expectation for future of CRISPR/Cas technology application.
• Review on Molecular Components Participating Negative Feedback Regulation in the Hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid Axis
• ZUO Weixing1, ZHANG Zhifei2, LIU Zhimin3*, WANG Chaoqun4*
• 2017, 7(6):  601-607.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0048
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1488KB)( )
Negative feedback regulation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis primarily functions to maintain normal and circulating levels of thyroid hormone (TH). Hypophysiotropic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus are believed to represent the regulatory core of the HPT axis. Studies have showed that not only circulating triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4) could also regulate intracellular T3 availability by type 2 deiodinase (Dio2) in tanycytes and responsible for negative feedback regulation of hypophysiotropic TRH. TH was transported into the hypophysiotropic TRH neurons by TH transporters and bound to thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), especially TRβ2, with the recruitment of coregulators by the TRs, participating in regulation of the corresponding target gene. In addition, tanycytes have been shown to express pyroglutamyl peptidase II (PPII), which degraded TRH releasing from TRH neurons and furthermore affected the TRH concentration in portal blood in different thyroid states. This article summarized molecular components of HPT axis regulation, which was aimed to provide reference for the scientific researches and clinical treatment of thyroid dysfunction or HPT axis abnormalities.
• Map-based Cloning and Function Analysis of Rice Dwarf Mutant D814
• CHEN Xinbing, HUANG Rongfeng*, WANG Juan*
• 2017, 7(6):  608-617.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0040
• Abstract ( ) PDF (4865KB)( )
Plant height confers important effects on crop yield in rice, which is regulated by many aspects in the growth and development process. Ethylene is one of important factors for regulating plant growth and stress response. In this research, we identified a mutant D814 from the mutants insensitive to ethylene in roots growth. D814 mutants showed the dwarf phenotype, decreased effective tilling numbers and reduced 1000-grain weight. Map-based cloning indicated that D814 located in 1 cM range on chromosome 1, in which there contained six genes contributed to dwarf phenotype in the previous researches. Sequencing analyses demonstrated that OsBRI1（LOC_Os01g52050） has a point mutation at 1 837 bp downstream of ATG, in which the G is changed to T. There were two homologous genes of OsBRI1 in rice, OsBRL1 and OsBRL3, of which the sequences have no mutation in D814 mutants. A reported mutant of OsBRI1, gsor300084, also showed decreased sensitivity to ethylene in root. Due to the function of OsBRI1 was a receptor in brassinosteroid (BR) signal pathway, we found the expressions of BR-response genes were affected in D814, which indicated that D814 was an allele mutant of OsBRI1. Moreover, our analyses showed that D814 affected the expression levels of ethylene signaling-related genes and displayed increased salt tolerance. Thus our research provided a novel research material for exploring the molecular mechanism of ethylene regulating rice growth and stress tolerance, and laid a foundation for investigating the interplay of ethylene and brassinosteroid in growth and development.
• Research on the Changes of Flavonoids in Berries of Cabernet Sauvignon Clones
• LIU Zhenghai1, DONG Zhigang2, LI Xiaomei2, TAN Wei2, TAN Min2, TANG Xiaoping2*, LI Liulin1*
• 2017, 7(6):  618-624.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0055
• Abstract ( ) PDF (2265KB)( )
Flavonoids are important physiologically active substances in grapes and wines, and play a decisive role in the sensory quality of wines. This paper analyzed the differences of flavonoids content in five nutrition clones of wine-grape Cabernet Sauvignon (CS), in order to provide the material for improving the quality of wine in the Loess plateau. The results showed that: After berries conversion, the content of soluble solids and titratable acids in Cabernet Sauvignon clones were not significantly different, while the average grain weight of CS191 was significantly higher than that of other 4 clones. The content of total flavonoids and proanthocyanidins in skins and seeds were significantly higher than that of other clones at 80 days after transformation. After the 80 days transformation, compared with the other clons of flavanols content in the skins, the CS170 were significantly higher than other clons. During berries completely mature, The content of flavonoids and proanthocyanidins in CS191 was higher than other clones and the content of flavanols and anthocyanins in CS170 skins were higher than that of other clones, which could be used as high flavonoids content of “Cabernet Sauvignon” varieties in the Loess Plateau.
• Response Surface Optimization of the Fermentation Process of Cordycepin by Paecilomyces varioti A20140822
• ZHENG Wei1,2, ZHOU Yinghong3, LIU Jinlong4*
• 2017, 7(6):  625-631.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0146
• Abstract ( ) PDF (2721KB)( )
Response surface analysis method was used to study the optimization of the fermentation process of cordycepin by Paecilomyces varioti A20140822. The main factors affecting the yield of fermented cordyceps were found out through single factor experiment. According to the response surface analysis method, we obtained the optimal parameters. The content of cordycepin was the highest 1.465 g/L at the vitamin B1 0.08 g/L, time 38 h and temperature 21℃. The fermentation condition of A20140822 was 20%~50% higher than that of the fungus. The fermentation conditions were affected by the factors such as temperature, time and vitamin B1 content.
• Studies on the Nematocidal Activities of Benzenediol Lactones and Their Derivatives
• ZHANG Rongru1,2,3, ZHANG Liwen1, ZHANG Peng1, ZHANG Yueling2, LIU Zhu3*, XU Yuquan1*
• 2017, 7(6):  632-638.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0026
• Abstract ( ) PDF (2699KB)( )
Benzenediol lactones(BDLs) and their derivatives, including monocillin II, 10,11-dehydrocurvularin, pre-asperfuranone, trans-resorcylide, desmethyl-lasiodiplodin and lasiodiplodin， were obtained by heterologous biosynthesis in yeast. Their nematocidal activities were researched in this study. For the first time, 10,11-dehydrocurvularin and desmethyl-lasiodiplodin were found with nematocidal activity. After treating Caenorhabditis elegans with 0.1 mg/mL, 0.2 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL of 10,11-dehydrocurvularin and desmethyl-lasiodiplodin for 24 h, respectively, the corrected mortality rate of C. elegans was 7.95%, 15.30%, 46.41% and 3.41%, 8.90%, 27.47%. Nematocidal activity of lasiodiplodin was decreased, and the corrected mortality rate with 0.5 mg/mL was 16.12%. This study provided a new idea for the prevention and cure of plant nematode disease.
• Advances in Pathogenesis of Ulcerative Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium
• ZHUANG Zhiqi, HUANG Biao, WU Qiaofeng*
• 2017, 7(6):  639-643.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0013
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1229KB)( )
Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis is an important method to study ulcerative colitis. This method is widely used in scientific research due to its simple operation, affordable and high modeling success rate. This review summarized the mechanisms of ulcerative colitis induced by DSS, including increase of intestinal permeability, damage of intestinal barrier, cytokines disorder, abnormal signaling pathways and intestinal floras imbalance. Finally, future study directions and ways were prospected.
• Brazil Agricultural Biotechnology Annual (2016)
• ZHOU Jiajia, WEN Xiaojie, LIU Ying, MEI Yingting, CAI Jingjing*(Compiler)
• 2017, 7(6):  644-649.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0136
• Abstract ( ) PDF (1216KB)( )
Brazil is the second largest producer of biotech crops in the world. Post forecasts an increase of over five percent in area planted to biotech crops during the upcoming 2016-2017 Brazilian crop year (Oct. 2016 through Sep. 2017). The increase is mostly attributed to the greater use of biotech soybeans and corn and increased availability of subsidized credit for farmers, although at higher interest rates than last crop year. Post has also updated other sections of the report to reflect new information from trade and government sources.
• Argentina Agricultural Biotechnology Annual (2016)
• ZHOU Jiajia, LIU Ying, WEN Xiaojie, MEI Yingting, CAI Jingjing*(Compiler)
• 2017, 7(6):  650-658.  DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2017.0134
• Abstract ( ) PDF (2714KB)( )
Argentina continues to be the third largest producer of biotech crops, producing 14 percent of the worlds total biotech crops. Two genetically engineered events (GE) created by Argentine researchers received final approval, the virus resistant potato and the soybean with drought resistance. China’s approval of GE events continues to be a top priority for Argentine foreign trade. The seed royalty system continues to be a problematic issue; the Ministry of Agriculture submitted a new Seed Law proposal to Congress.