Fusarium head blight （FHB or scab） is a destructive disease which threatens the wheat production and food security in the world. Growing disease?resistant varieties is acknowledged as the most cost?effective means for the disease control. Owing to lack of resistant cultivars， researchers have diverted their attention to wheat wild relatives for seeking resistance sources in wheat breeding purpose. Alien chromosome harboring resistance genes can be introduced into wheat through chromosome engineering by creation of addition， substitution and translocation lines. This review summarized the latest research progress on the incorporation of alien chromatin from wheat related species， such as Leymusracemosus into common wheat， the selection of wheat alien germplasms and their application in wheat FHB resistance breeding， which was expected to provide reference for wheat FHB resistance breeding.

Roegneria kamoji （2n=42， SSHHYY） is a hexaploid wild relatives of common wheat. Due to high resistance level of Fusarium head blight （FHB）， R. kamoji is regarded as a potential germplasm to explore FHB?resistant genes. The FHB resistance gene Fhb6 located on the homoeologous group 1 chromosome of R. kamoji had been introduced into common wheat through hybridization. The homoeologous group 1 chromosomes of R. kamoji included 1S， 1H or 1Y chromosome. In order to understand the effect of homoeologous chromosome on resistance of FHB， four STS markers specific to homoeologous group 1 chromosomes of R. kamoji were screened. Subsequently， these markers were used to amplify the DNA samples of the disomic substitution line DS1RK#1（1A） carrying Fhb6 and the other relatives with different genomes. Results indicated that Fhb6 was located on 1Y#1 chromosome. Five new wheat?R. kamoji introgression lines involving 1Y#2 and 1S#2 chromosomes were identified from the backcross progeny of the second hybrid between Chinese Spring and R. kamoji. Of which， 21RK?1 was the disomic substitution line DS1Y#2（1A）， 21RK?2 was the disomic substitution line DS1S#2（1D）， 21RK?3 was the disomic addition line DA1S#2， 21RK?4 was the double monosomic addition line of 1S#2 and TW·1S#2S， and 21RK?5 was the homologous TW·1S#2S translocation line. These new germplasm resources and the specific molecular markers developed in the present study provided the foundation for the genetic improvement of wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight.

Fusarium head blight is a worldwide destructive disease affecting the yield and quality in wheat， and Fusarium mycotoxin further threatens the health of human and livestock. Wheat resistant cultivars breeding is effective to control the disease. Plant cell engineering can produce novel genetic variation and accelerate the breeding process and has been successfully applied in wheat breeding for the resistance to Fusarium head blight. We reviewed the progress of plant cell engineering technologies such as somaclonal variation induction， anther culture， double haploid creation and immature embryo culture， and the application of these technologies in wheat breeding for the resistance to Fusarium head blight. Combination of plant cell engineering with molecular breeding will play a more important role in wheat breeding for the resistance to Fusarium head blight.

Fusarium head blight （FHB） caused by Fusarium graminearum is a major threat to wheat production and food security worldwide. The identification of resistant germplasm and breeding cultivars of high resistant FHB are cost?effective and environment?friendly approachs for controlling FHB. In order to explore the new resistant germplasm， 642 wheat lines were evaluated with single floret inoculation method to identify their type Ⅱ resistance to FHB in the greenhouse from 2017 to 2021， and molecular markers linked to known FHB resistance genes of wheat were used for genotyping. The results showed that the percentage of symptomatic spikelets per spike of wheat lines were significant correlations among four years. A total of 81 lines， mainly from the Middle and Lower Valleys of the Yangtze River， showed better resistance to FHB than Yangmai 158 in at least three years， of which 33 lines were more resistant than Yangmai 158 in four years. Nine lines including Wangshuibai， Grandin， Haomai 1， Jianzimai， Kuixiaomai， Norin 26， Ruanganyangmai， Sumai 2， and Wunong 6 showed comparable resistance with Sumai 3 in at least three years， of which Jianzimai， Ruanganyangmai， Sumai 2 and Grandin showed high resistance in four years. Genotyping showed that Haomai 1， Jishi 7225?28， NAU13Y110， Shiyou 17， and Wunong 6 carried none of the known gene/QTL to FHB， which provided theoretical basis and germplasm resources for breeding wheat new varieties of resistance to Fusarium head blight.

Fusarium head blight （FHB） is one of the most destructive wheat disease that threats to grain yield and food security in China. FHB resistant wheat varieties breeding is the most economical and effective way to manage the problem. Since 1990， the wheat cultivars of Yangmai and Ningmai series with moderate resistant to FHB played an important role in controlling the destruction of FHB in the Yangtze River area， resulting in our FHB resistance breeding reach to the international leading level. Although only seven resistance genes have been identified in wheat so far， which provide important support for the development of FHB resistant wheat variety， it is still very difficult to obtain wheat varieties with high level of resistance to FHB in combination with high yield due to the complex genetic mechanism. FHB resistant wheat variety breeding is still the main breeding objective in China at present and in the future. We summarized new FHB resistant lines/cultivars in China during “the 13th Five?year Plan” period， and suggested to identify the new FHB resistance genes/loci from Yangmai series wheat and introduce Fhb1 into Yangmai cultivars. In addition， it will be very important to pay attention to develop the high efficiency and accurate new technology for FHB phenotype. This review was expected to provide some comments for the breakthrough in FHB resistant wheat breeding in China.