Research Progress on Ecological Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Plants Based on Plant-associated Microbial Systems

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2026.0126

Current Biotechnology ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 786-796.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2026.0126

• Special Forum on Detection Technology for Genetically Modified Organisms • Previous Articles Next Articles

Research Progress on Ecological Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Plants Based on Plant-associated Microbial Systems

Xiang REN¹^,²(), Mingchao YANG²(), Yin ZHANG², Yifan CHEN², Shengqian CHAO², Sheng CHEN², Yuping JIANG¹(), Beibei LYU²()

^1.School of Ecological Technology and Engineering，Shanghai Institute of Technology，Shanghai 201418，China
^2.Key Laboratory of Safety Evaluation of Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms （Environment），Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding，Test Center for Ecological Environment Safety of Crops of MOA（Shanghai），Shanghai Professional Technology Service Platform of Agricultural Biosafety Evaluation and Testing，Biotech Research Institute，Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Shanghai 201106，China

Received:2026-05-26 Accepted:2026-07-14 Online:2026-07-25 Published:2026-09-11
Contact: Yuping JIANG,Beibei LYU

Abstract

Abstract:

Plant-associated microbial systems represent an important component of ecological risk assessment for genetically modified plants. However， the ecological effects and underlying mechanisms of genetically modified plants on microbial systems remain insufficiently understood. This review summarized recent advances in the impacts of genetically modified plants on rhizosphere microbiota， phyllosphere microbiota and endophytes. Focusing on rhizosphere microbiota， the effects of Bt-transgenic and herbicide-tolerant crops on microbial communities were analyzed， with emphasis on the regulatory roles of root exudates， soil environmental factors， and rhizosphere functional processes in microbial responses. Furthermore， the influences of host characteristics， environmental factors， and interactions among different ecological niches on microbial responses in phyllosphere microbiota and endophytes were summarized. The differences in microbial response patterns among various genetically modified traits were compared， and current research challenges were discussed. This review was expected to provide a theoretical basis for applying microbial indicators in ecological risk assessment and risk analysis of genetically modified plants.

Key words: genetically modified plants, plant microbiome, rhizosphere microbiota, phyllosphere microbiota, endophytes, ecological risk assessment

CLC Number:

Q943.2

Xiang REN, Mingchao YANG, Yin ZHANG, Yifan CHEN, Shengqian CHAO, Sheng CHEN, Yuping JIANG, Beibei LYU. Research Progress on Ecological Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Plants Based on Plant-associated Microbial Systems[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2026, 16(4): 786-796.

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References 77

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作物	主要响应微生物	变化趋势	功能/生态过程	参考文献
Bt水稻‘T1C-1’	变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、类亚硝化单胞菌（Nitrosomonas-like）	阶段性↑	C-N代谢增强、根际代谢重构	[17]
Bt水稻‘华恢1号’	芽孢杆菌科（Bacillaceae）、鞘脂单胞菌科（Sphingomonadaceae）	苗期↑，成熟期稳定	植物促生/拮抗菌富集	[18]
Bt水稻	酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、硝化螺旋菌门（Nitrospirae）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）	Acidobacteria↓，Proteobacteria↑	寡营养型向富营养型转移	[19]
Bt玉米‘2A-7’	放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、β- 变形菌纲（Betap roteobacteria）	局部↑	土壤酶活增强（β-葡萄糖甘酶等）	[20]
Bt玉米‘2A-7’	亚硝化螺菌属（Nitrosospira）、硝化杆菌属（Nitrobacter）、硝化螺旋菌属（Nitrospira）	短期波动	硝化作用调节	[21]
耐草甘膦大豆	根瘤菌属（Rhizobium）、慢生根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobium）、丛枝菌根真菌(Glomus)	施药后↓，中后期逐渐恢复	生物固氮与共生受影响	[22]

作物	主要响应微生物	变化趋势	功能/生态过程	参考文献
Bt水稻‘T1C-1’	变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、类亚硝化单胞菌（Nitrosomonas-like）	阶段性↑	C-N代谢增强、根际代谢重构	[17]
Bt水稻‘华恢1号’	芽孢杆菌科（Bacillaceae）、鞘脂单胞菌科（Sphingomonadaceae）	苗期↑，成熟期稳定	植物促生/拮抗菌富集	[18]
Bt水稻	酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、硝化螺旋菌门（Nitrospirae）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）	Acidobacteria↓，Proteobacteria↑	寡营养型向富营养型转移	[19]
Bt玉米‘2A-7’	放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、β- 变形菌纲（Betap roteobacteria）	局部↑	土壤酶活增强（β-葡萄糖甘酶等）	[20]
Bt玉米‘2A-7’	亚硝化螺菌属（Nitrosospira）、硝化杆菌属（Nitrobacter）、硝化螺旋菌属（Nitrospira）	短期波动	硝化作用调节	[21]
耐草甘膦大豆	根瘤菌属（Rhizobium）、慢生根瘤菌属（Bradyrhizobium）、丛枝菌根真菌(Glomus)	施药后↓，中后期逐渐恢复	生物固氮与共生受影响	[22]

Research Progress on Ecological Risk Assessment of Genetically Modified Plants Based on Plant-associated Microbial Systems

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