In recent years， due to the rapid change of global climate and the transformation of cultivation and tillage system， Scab caused by Fusarium graminearum occurred in a large area， which not only reduces the output of wheat， and seriously affects its quality， but also causes significant economic losses. Wheat infected by gibberella can produce deoxynivalenol （DON） toxin in the grain， which extensively pollute wheat and its products， grains， oils， food and feed， etc. And it is one of the most serious mycotoxins in the world with the largest pollution area and the highest pollution amount. DON can produce a wide range of toxic effects， with strong cytotoxicity， obvious embryo toxicity and certain teratogenicity. Also it seriously threaten food safety， human and animal health. Therefore， the research on the regulation mechanism and prevention and control of DON toxin has become one of the hot issues. In this paper， in order to provide reference on the DON resistance breeding， the advances in the physicochemical properties， toxicity mechanism， distribution of DON and the accumulation mechanism of DON toxin in wheat were reviewed.

Deoxinivalenol （DON）， the type?B trichothecene， has been proven as the important virulence factor for the aggressiveness of Fusarium graminearum in wheat head. As the protein synthesis inhibitor， DON has certain levels of cytotoxicity or phytotoxicity to mammal cells， microorganisms and plant cells. However， the protective mechanism of Fusarium spp. to DON is larely unknown. Better understanding of their detoxification mechanisms is of great importance. This review highlighted the self?protection mechanisms of Fusarium spp. to DON， specifically including the subcellular compartmentation of biosynthesis， delivery and timing orchestrated through cellular trafficking manners， which was expected to help understand its detoxification mechanism and provide targets for designing targeted control strategy， and protect food safety and health of both humans and livestock.