Abstract: Plasmids have important role in phenotype characteristics and pathological effects of Bacillus cereus（Bc）, Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) and Bacillus anthracis(Ba). This paper reviewed the research progress of plasmids of the three kinds of Bacillus, in which we mainly elaborated the relationship between the plasmids and the toxin production, plasmids conjugal transfer, inserted sequence, and typical plasmids. We analyzed the important role of plasmids research in public health security, biological control and transgenic technology. Finally, We prospected the direction of the plasmids research.

Key words: plasmid, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus anthracis

摘要： 质粒是蜡样芽胞杆菌群中蜡样芽胞杆菌、苏云金芽胞杆菌和炭疽芽胞杆菌呈现出不同表型特征和病理效果的重要原因。本文对三种细菌质粒Bc、Bt、Ba的研究进展进行了综述，重点阐述了质粒与毒素的关系、质粒的接合转移、插入序列、代表性质粒的研究进展，分析了质粒研究在公共卫生安全、生物防治及转基因技术发展与应用中的重要作用，最后展望了质粒研究的方向。

关键词: 质粒, 蜡样芽胞杆菌, 苏云金芽胞杆菌, 炭疽芽胞杆菌