棉籽糖家族低聚糖分离、分析及药理活性研究进展

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2025.0137

生物技术进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 267-276.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2025.0137

• 进展评述 • 上一篇

棉籽糖家族低聚糖分离、分析及药理活性研究进展

郭盼¹(), 杨佳颖², 韩立峰², 付志飞¹()

^1.天津中医药大学中医药研究院，天津 301617
^2.天津中医药大学测试中心，天津 301617

收稿日期:2025-10-13 接受日期:2025-11-19 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-27
通讯作者: 付志飞
作者简介:郭盼 E-mail: 15830685461@163.com；
基金资助:
天津市教委科研计划项目（自然科学）(2024ZD001)

Research Progress on the Separation, Analysis and Pharmacological Activities of Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides

Pan GUO¹(), Jiaying YANG², Lifeng HAN², Zhifei FU¹()

^1.Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Tianjin 301617，China
^2.Instrumental Analysis and Research Center，Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Tianjin 301617，China

Received:2025-10-13 Accepted:2025-11-19 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-04-27
Contact: Zhifei FU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

棉籽糖家族低聚糖（raffinose family oligosaccharides，RFOs）是一类广泛存在于植物组织中的功能性低聚糖，主要包括棉籽糖、水苏糖和毛蕊花糖等。近年来，RFOs因其多样的生理活性和广泛的应用潜力受到学术界与工业界的持续关注。研究表明，RFOs具有显著的益生元特性，能够选择性促进双歧杆菌和乳酸菌等有益菌的增殖，调节肠道微生态平衡，且在调节脂质代谢、增强免疫功能、改善糖代谢以及保护皮肤屏障等方面展现出潜在价值。然而，RFOs的高效提取、结构解析及作用机制研究仍存在一定局限。系统综述了RFOs的理化性质、提取纯化方法、分析检测技术及其在医药、食品和化妆品等领域的研究进展。未来研究应聚焦于绿色高效提取技术的开发、作用机制的深入探索以及跨领域应用的拓展，以推动RFOs的高值化利用与产业化发展。

关键词: 棉籽糖家族低聚糖, 益生元, 生物活性

Abstract:

Raffinose family oligosaccharides （RFOs） are a class of functional oligosaccharides widely present in plant tissues， primarily including raffinose， stachyose， and verbascose. In recent years， RFOs have garnered sustained attention from both academia and industry due to their diverse physiological activities and broad application potential. Studies have shown that RFOs exhibit significant prebiotic properties， selectively promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus， regulating intestinal microecological balance， and demonstrating potential in modulating lipid metabolism， enhancing immune function， improving glucose metabolism， and protecting the skin barrier. However， challenges remain in the efficient extraction， structural elucidation， and mechanistic understanding of RFOs. This paper systematically reviewed the physicochemical properties， extraction and purification methods， analytical techniques， and research progress of RFOs in fields such as medicine， food， and cosmetics. Future research should focus on the development of green and efficient extraction technologies， in-depth exploration of action mechanisms， and expansion of cross-disciplinary applications to promote the high-value utilization and industrial development of RFOs.

Key words: raffinose family oligosaccharides, prebiotics, biological activity

中图分类号:

Q534+.5

郭盼, 杨佳颖, 韩立峰, 付志飞. 棉籽糖家族低聚糖分离、分析及药理活性研究进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2026, 16(2): 267-276.

Pan GUO, Jiaying YANG, Lifeng HAN, Zhifei FU. Research Progress on the Separation, Analysis and Pharmacological Activities of Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2026, 16(2): 267-276.

图/表 4

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检测方法	检测灵敏度	定量线性范围	核心优势	局限性	参考文献
HPLC-ELSD	2.56 μg·mL^-1	5.02~40.16 μg·mL^-1	对无紫外吸收的RFOs响应稳定、重现性好	线性范围较窄，高浓度样品需稀释	[17]
HILIC-ELS	1.24~6.25 μg·mL^-1	0.05~5.00 mg·mL^-1	极性分离能力强，可基线分离高聚合度的RFOs，灵敏度高	流动相需高比例乙腈，对环境有一定影响	[19]
HPAEC-PAD	未明确报道（参考同类RFOs 0.01~0.10 μg·mL^-1）	未明确报道（参考同类RFOs 0.05~50.00 μg·mL^-1）	无需衍生化、对糖类选择性强	筋骨草糖等分离效果不佳	[20]
FPLC-RID	未明确报道（纯度验证依赖HPLC-ELSD）	未明确报道（产率定量：1.72%~7.52%）	自动化程度高、可大规模分离纯化	灵敏度低，仅适用于高浓度纯品定量	[2]
HPLC-RID	棉籽糖0.43 mg·mL^-1；水苏糖0.39 mg·mL^-1	棉籽糖1~10 mg·mL^-1；水苏糖1~10 mg·mL^-1	操作简便、无需衍生化、成本低	灵敏度较低，不适用于痕量分析，梯度洗脱兼容性差	[21]

检测方法	检测灵敏度	定量线性范围	核心优势	局限性	参考文献
HPLC-ELSD	2.56 μg·mL^-1	5.02~40.16 μg·mL^-1	对无紫外吸收的RFOs响应稳定、重现性好	线性范围较窄，高浓度样品需稀释	[17]
HILIC-ELS	1.24~6.25 μg·mL^-1	0.05~5.00 mg·mL^-1	极性分离能力强，可基线分离高聚合度的RFOs，灵敏度高	流动相需高比例乙腈，对环境有一定影响	[19]
HPAEC-PAD	未明确报道（参考同类RFOs 0.01~0.10 μg·mL^-1）	未明确报道（参考同类RFOs 0.05~50.00 μg·mL^-1）	无需衍生化、对糖类选择性强	筋骨草糖等分离效果不佳	[20]
FPLC-RID	未明确报道（纯度验证依赖HPLC-ELSD）	未明确报道（产率定量：1.72%~7.52%）	自动化程度高、可大规模分离纯化	灵敏度低，仅适用于高浓度纯品定量	[2]
HPLC-RID	棉籽糖0.43 mg·mL^-1；水苏糖0.39 mg·mL^-1	棉籽糖1~10 mg·mL^-1；水苏糖1~10 mg·mL^-1	操作简便、无需衍生化、成本低	灵敏度较低，不适用于痕量分析，梯度洗脱兼容性差	[21]

棉籽糖家族低聚糖分离、分析及药理活性研究进展

Research Progress on the Separation, Analysis and Pharmacological Activities of Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides

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