Abstract: Riboflavin is a kind of water-soluble vitamin, which is closely related to the growth of animals and plants. The human body cannot synthesize riboflavin and needs to absorb it from outside. Therefore, the production of riboflavin has great significant value. This paper introduced the process of riboflavin production, and the microorganisms of riboflavin production. The riboflavin metabolic pathway and mutation breeding of Bacillus subtilis were summarized. The paper mainly introduced the gene recombination methods of Bacillus subtilis, which was to improve the expression of riboflavin operon and to increase the synthetic pathway flux of two precursors (Ru5p and GTP). We also summerized the other new transformation methods in recent years, and looked forward to the future development direction.

Key words: riboflavin, fermentation, strain breeding, transformation

摘要： 核黄素是一种水溶性维生素，与动植物的生长密切相关，人体不能合成核黄素，需从外部摄取，因此核黄素的生产具有重要意义。介绍了核黄素的生产发展历程和产核黄素的微生物种类。对枯草芽孢杆菌的核黄素代谢途径及其诱变育种进行了总结，重点介绍了菌种的基因重组改造方法，主要是提高核黄素操纵子表达以及提高Ru5P和GTP两种前体供应量合成途径通量，介绍了近些年新的改造方法，并对未来的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 核黄素, 微生物发酵, 菌种选育, 改造