Abstract:

The incidence of oligospermia and asthenozoospermia in China has been increasing year by year， but there is a lack of effective treatment methods. Therefore， the in-depth development of traditional Chinese medicine has become a research focus. Explored the improvement effect and potential mechanism of precise fermentation of Morinda officinalis by Lactobacillus fermentum Y5 on cyclophosphamide （CTX）?-induced oligoasthenospermia model in mice. Randomly divide the test mice into four groups： control group， model group， unfermented group， and fermented group. Use a sperm analyzer to detect the number and vitality of sperm in the mouse epididymis； Hematoxylin-eosin staining（HE） was performed on mouse testes， and the levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were measured by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway proteins in mouse testes. The results showed that compared with the model group， the germ cells in the testes of mice in the fermented and unfermented groups were restored， and the number of sperm in the lumen increased； the sperm count and vitality of mice were significantly improved （P<0.01）； the levels of ROS and MDA in testicular tissue decreased （P<0.01）； Keap1 protein expression decreased， while Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression increased （P<0.01）； compared with the unfermented group， the improvement effect of the fermented group was more significant （P<0.05）. The results showed that fermented Morinda officinalis can reduce oxidative stress damage and alleviate oligozoospermia in mice through the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway， and the improvement effect of precision fermented Morinda officinalis was better than that of unfermented Morinda officinalis.

Key words: Morinda officinalis, cyclophosphamide, oligoasthenospermia, oxidative stress damage, fermentation processing

摘要：

我国少弱精的患病率呈现逐年上升趋势，但缺乏有效的治疗手段，因此对传统中药进行深度开发成为研究重点。探究Y5乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum Y5)精准发酵巴戟天对环磷酰胺（cyclophosphamide，CTX）致小鼠少弱精模型的改善作用及潜在机制。将供试小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、未发酵组和发酵组，使用精子分析仪检测小鼠附睾内精子数量与活力；对小鼠睾丸进行苏木精-伊红染色（hematoxylin-eosin staining，HE），ELISA法测定小鼠睾丸活性氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）和丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）含量、Western blot印迹检测小鼠睾丸Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路蛋白表达。结果发现，与模型组相比，发酵组与未发酵组小鼠睾丸内生精细胞得到恢复，管腔内精子数量增加；小鼠的精子数量和活力明显改善（P<0.01）；睾丸组织ROS、MDA水平降低（P<0.01）；Keap1蛋白表达下降，Nrf2和HO-1蛋白表达升高（P<0.01）；与未发酵组相比，发酵组的改善效果更为显著（P<0.05）。结果表明，发酵巴戟天可以通过Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路降低氧化应激损伤缓解小鼠少弱精症，且经过精准发酵巴戟天的改善作用较未发酵巴戟天更好。

关键词: 巴戟天, 环磷酰胺, 少弱精症, 氧化应激损伤, 精准发酵