Abstract: Using microbial whole cells as sensing element, the whole-cell biosensor can rapidly detect the total toxicity and pollutants in the environment. Due to the advantage of whole-cell biosensor, such as fast response, small size, low cost and in situ monitoring, it shows great potential in the field of environmental monitoring, drug research and development, food industry and so on. The principle, classification of the whole-cell biosensor and its application progress in environmental pollutants monitoring were summarized, and the future development trend was prospected in order to provide references for the development and utilization of the whole-cell biosensor.

Key words: whole-cell biosensor, environmental pollutants monitoring, immobilization

摘要： 全细胞生物传感器是一种以微生物全细胞为敏感元件，可以快速感应环境中的毒性物质及污染物的装置。因其具有响应快、体积小、成本低、可实现原位监测等优势，在环境监测、药品研发、食品工业等领域显示出巨大潜力。综述了全细胞生物传感器的原理、分类及其在环境污染物监测领域的应用进展等，并对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望，以期为全细胞生物传感器的开发与利用提供参考。

关键词: 全细胞生物传感器, 环境污染物监测, 固定化