Abstract: The primary executioner of RNA degradation in bacteria is a muti-enzyme complex, namely RNA degradosome, which is composed of RNA helicase, polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), ribonuclease E (RNase E) and two enzymes in glycolysis route (enolase and phosphofructokinase). The function of the complex is involving with the processing of ribosome RNA (rRNA) and decay of messenger RNA (mRNA). Besides, RNA chaperone Hfq and regulatory small RNA (sRNA) also play important roles in the regulation of RNA stability. The progress on the functional elements in RNA stability regulation, especially the degradative enzymes of RNA degradosome and the RNA chaperone Hfq, was surveyed in order to provide theoretical knowledge for studying the stability of bacterial RNA and its regulation.

Key words: RNA degradosome, RNA chaperone Hfq, non-coding RNA, RNA stability, ribonuclease E

摘要： RNA降解体（细菌RNA降解的主要执行者）是一种多亚基的蛋白质复合物，主要由RNA解螺旋酶、聚核苷酸磷酸化酶（polynucleotide phosphorylase，PNPase）、内切核酸酶（ribonuclease E，RNase E）以及糖酵解途径中的烯醇化酶、磷酸果糖激酶等组成，参与核糖体RNA（ribosome RNA，rRNA）的加工以及信使RNA（messenger RNA，mRNA）的降解。此外，RNA分子伴侣Hfq和调控小RNA（small RNA，sRNA）在RNA稳定性调控中也发挥着重要作用。综述了细菌RNA稳定性调控相关功能元件，特别是降解体蛋白及RNA分子伴侣Hfq的最新进展，以期为研究细菌RNA稳定性及其参与的代谢调控提供理论参考。

关键词: RNA降解体, RNA分子伴侣Hfq, 非编码RNA, RNA稳定性, 内切核酸酶