阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与肠道菌群相互作用的研究进展

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2025.0162

生物技术进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 338-347.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2025.0162

• 进展评述 • 上一篇

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与肠道菌群相互作用的研究进展

祁晶(), 吕秀云()

内蒙古医科大学附属医院呼吸及危重症医学科，呼和浩特 010110

收稿日期:2025-11-18 接受日期:2026-01-08 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-27
通讯作者: 吕秀云
作者简介:祁晶 E-mail: 1297305919@qq.com；
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金联合项目(2025LHMS08072)

Research Progress on Reciprocal Interactions Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Gut Microbiota

Jing QI(), Xiuyun LYU()

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine，Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University，Hohhot 010110，China

Received:2025-11-18 Accepted:2026-01-08 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-04-27
Contact: Xiuyun LYU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（obstructive sleep apnea，OSA）是一种常见的慢性睡眠呼吸障碍疾病，以睡眠期间上气道反复塌陷所致间歇性缺氧和睡眠片段化为主要特征。研究表明，肠道菌群的紊乱是OSA诱发多系统病理损害及合并症发展的重要中介机制。综述了OSA背景下肠道菌群的变化，包括α/β多样性异常、厌氧菌富集和短链脂肪酸产生菌减少，以及胆汁酸、氨基酸和脂肪酸等代谢谱系的改变；探讨了菌群及其代谢物在OSA相关高血压和动脉粥样硬化等合并症中的关键驱动作用；整合了以肠道微生态为靶点的干预策略的研究进展，旨在为OSA的机制研究与临床防治提供新的视角和依据。

关键词: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停, 肠道菌群, 代谢物, 高血压, 动脉粥样硬化

Abstract:

Obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） is a common chronic sleep-related breathing disorder， characterized primarily by intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation resulting from the recurrent collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Studies indicated that disturbances of the gut microbiota represent a crucial intermediary mechanism in the multi-system pathological damage and development of comorbidities induced by OSA. Changes in the gut microbiota under OSA conditions， including abnormalities in α/β diversity， enrichment of anaerobic bacteria， reduction in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria， as well as alterations in metabolic profiles such as bile acids， amino acids， and fatty acids， were systematically elucidated. Furthermore， the key driving role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in OSA-related comorbidities， such as hypertension and atherosclerosis， was extensively investigated. Concurrently， research progress on intervention strategies targeting the gut microbiome was comprehensively integrated. These findings provide new perspectives and a foundation for mechanistic research and clinical management of OSA.

Key words: obstructive sleep apnea, gut microbiota, metabolites, hypertension, atherosclerosis

中图分类号:

Q593+.9

祁晶, 吕秀云. 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与肠道菌群相互作用的研究进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2026, 16(2): 338-347.

Jing QI, Xiuyun LYU. Research Progress on Reciprocal Interactions Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Gut Microbiota[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2026, 16(2): 338-347.

图/表 1

参考文献 79

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测序方法	样本数（n）	OSA患者肠道菌群的变化	参考文献
16S rRNA	OSA(45)；CON(19)	罗氏菌属（Roseburia）↑，经黏液真杆菌属（Blautia）↑，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓，颤螺菌属（Oscillospira）↓，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）↓	[13]
宏基因组学	OSA(1 117)	毛螺菌属（Lachnospira）↑，放线菌属（Actinomyces）↑，真杆菌属（Eubacterium）↑，金氏菌属（Kingella）↑	[14]
宏基因组学	OSA(3 570)	经黏液真杆菌属（Blautia）↑，柯林斯菌属（Collinsella）↑	[15]
16S rRNA	OSA(93)；CON(20)	粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓，巨单胞菌属（Megamonas）↓，瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）↓	[16]
16S rRNA	OSA(97)；CON(16)	芽殖菌属（Gemmiger）↓，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓	[17]
16S rRNA	OSA(43)；CON(45)	粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓，罗氏菌属（Roseburia）↓	[18]
16S rRNA	OSA(48)；CON(12)	经黏液真杆菌属（Blautia）↑，埃希氏菌属（Escherichia）↑，联合乳杆菌属（Ligilactobacillus）↓，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）↓，乳杆菌属（Lacticaseibacillus）↓	[19]
16S rRNA	OSA(23)；CON(44)	巨球型菌属（Megasphaera）↑，小链杆菌属（Catenibacterium）↑	[20]
16S rRNA	OSA(37)；CON(11)	梭杆菌属（Fusobacterium）↑，毛螺菌属（Lachnoclostridium）↑，巨单胞菌属（Megamonas）↑，瘤胃球菌属 UCG-013（Ruminococcus UCG-013）↓，厌氧棒状菌属（Anaerostipes）↓	[21]
宏基因组学	OSA(6)；CON(7)	苏黎世杆菌属（Turicibacter）↑，卡氏菌属（Catonella）↑，萨特氏菌属（Sutterella）↓，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）↓，副拟杆菌属（Parabacteroides）↓	[22]
16S rRNA	OSA(39)；CON(20)	假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）↑，毛螺菌属（Lachnospira）↑，巨单胞菌属（Megamonas）↑，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓	[23]
16S rRNA	OSA(9)；CON(17)	毛螺菌属（Lachnospira）↑	[24]
16S rRNA	OSA(32)；CON(14)	另枝菌属（Alistipes）↑，梭菌属 XIV （Clostridium_XlV）↓	[25]
16S rRNA	OSA(100)；CON(27)	双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium）↑，经黏液真杆菌属（Blautia）↑，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）↓，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓	[26]

测序方法	样本数（n）	OSA患者肠道菌群的变化	参考文献
16S rRNA	OSA(45)；CON(19)	罗氏菌属（Roseburia）↑，经黏液真杆菌属（Blautia）↑，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓，颤螺菌属（Oscillospira）↓，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）↓	[13]
宏基因组学	OSA(1 117)	毛螺菌属（Lachnospira）↑，放线菌属（Actinomyces）↑，真杆菌属（Eubacterium）↑，金氏菌属（Kingella）↑	[14]
宏基因组学	OSA(3 570)	经黏液真杆菌属（Blautia）↑，柯林斯菌属（Collinsella）↑	[15]
16S rRNA	OSA(93)；CON(20)	粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓，巨单胞菌属（Megamonas）↓，瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）↓	[16]
16S rRNA	OSA(97)；CON(16)	芽殖菌属（Gemmiger）↓，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓	[17]
16S rRNA	OSA(43)；CON(45)	粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓，罗氏菌属（Roseburia）↓	[18]
16S rRNA	OSA(48)；CON(12)	经黏液真杆菌属（Blautia）↑，埃希氏菌属（Escherichia）↑，联合乳杆菌属（Ligilactobacillus）↓，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）↓，乳杆菌属（Lacticaseibacillus）↓	[19]
16S rRNA	OSA(23)；CON(44)	巨球型菌属（Megasphaera）↑，小链杆菌属（Catenibacterium）↑	[20]
16S rRNA	OSA(37)；CON(11)	梭杆菌属（Fusobacterium）↑，毛螺菌属（Lachnoclostridium）↑，巨单胞菌属（Megamonas）↑，瘤胃球菌属 UCG-013（Ruminococcus UCG-013）↓，厌氧棒状菌属（Anaerostipes）↓	[21]
宏基因组学	OSA(6)；CON(7)	苏黎世杆菌属（Turicibacter）↑，卡氏菌属（Catonella）↑，萨特氏菌属（Sutterella）↓，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）↓，副拟杆菌属（Parabacteroides）↓	[22]
16S rRNA	OSA(39)；CON(20)	假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）↑，毛螺菌属（Lachnospira）↑，巨单胞菌属（Megamonas）↑，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓	[23]
16S rRNA	OSA(9)；CON(17)	毛螺菌属（Lachnospira）↑	[24]
16S rRNA	OSA(32)；CON(14)	另枝菌属（Alistipes）↑，梭菌属 XIV （Clostridium_XlV）↓	[25]
16S rRNA	OSA(100)；CON(27)	双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium）↑，经黏液真杆菌属（Blautia）↑，拟杆菌属（Bacteroides）↓，粪杆菌属（Faecalibacterium）↓	[26]

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与肠道菌群相互作用的研究进展

Research Progress on Reciprocal Interactions Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Gut Microbiota

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