Abstract:

Osteosarcoma （OS） is the most common primary bone malignant tumor，with strong local invasion， metastasis， and a high risk of recurrence， which mainly affects the health of children and adolescents. At present， chemotherapy and surgery are the main methods for treating OS， but the efficacy is not significant， and immune checkpoint inhibitors have poor clinical application efficacy， requiring new therapeutic targets. As a classic tumor suppressor gene， P53 gene participates in many biological processes such as cell cycle regulation， DNA repair and cell death. The mutation of P53 is widespread in OS and closely related to tumor aggressiveness and prognosis. In addition to its traditional role in apoptosis， P53 also plays an important role in non-classical cell death pathways such as autophagy and ferroptosis， which makes it a key target for OS treatment. This article reviewed the role of P53 in osteosarcoma， with a focus on exploring the regulatory mechanisms of P53 in apoptosis， autophagy and ferroptosis， as well as its research progress in OS. The article aimed to provide new theoretical basis and guidance for future therapeutic targets and strategies for OS.

Key words: osteosarcoma, P53, apoptosis, iron death, autophagy

摘要：

骨肉瘤（osteosarcoma，OS）是最常见的原发性骨恶性肿瘤，具有较强的局部侵袭性、转移性及较高的复发风险，主要影响儿童和青少年的健康。目前，化疗和手术为OS治疗的主要方式，但疗效不显著，且免疫检查点抑制剂在临床应用中效果不佳，亟需新的治疗靶点。P53基因作为经典的肿瘤抑制基因，参与细胞周期调控、DNA修复及细胞死亡等多个生物学过程。P53的突变在OS中广泛存在，与肿瘤的侵袭性和预后密切相关。除了在细胞凋亡中的传统作用，P53还在细胞自噬和铁死亡等非经典细胞死亡途径中发挥重要作用，这使其成为OS治疗的关键靶点。综述了P53基因在骨肉瘤中的作用，重点探讨了P53在细胞凋亡、自噬和铁死亡的调控机制及其在OS中的研究进展，旨在为未来OS的治疗靶点和治疗策略提供新的理论依据和指导。

关键词: 骨肉瘤, P53, 凋亡, 铁死亡, 自噬