Abstract: Genetic diversity is the basis for genetic improvement of sweet potato varieties. Due to the advantages of molecular markers, such as the great numbers, no restriction of environment and gene expression, mostly co-dominance,  and no effection on biological traits,  molecular markers technologies have been widely used in studies of genetic diversity in sweet potato. This paper compared several PCR\|based molecular markers such as RAPD,  AFLP,  SSR,  ISSR and SRAP. And their applications in the study of sweet potato genetic diversity were reviewed from two aspects,  genetic differences and relationship cluster analysis,  respectively. The comparative analysis indicated that ISSR was a kind of co-dominant and low cost molecular marker with good reproducibility,  high polymorphism, and very promising prospect, which has been widely used in researches of sweet potato including genetic diversity,  species relationship, taxonomy and assisted breeding.

Key words: molecular markers, sweet potato, genetic diversity, application

摘要： 遗传多样性是甘薯品种遗传改良的基础。由于分子标记具有数量极大、不受环境及基因表达与否的限制、多为共显性、不影响生物性状表现等优点，现已在甘薯遗传多样性研究中得到广泛应用。本文比较了RAPD、AFLP、SSR、ISSR和SRAP等几种基于PCR的分子标记方法，分别从遗传差异和亲缘聚类分析两方面，对它们在甘薯遗传多样性研究中的应用进行了综述。对比分析表明ISSR是一种共显性、成本较低、重复性好、多态性较高且非常有发展前途的分子标记，并已经被广泛应用到甘薯遗传多样性、物种亲缘关系、系统分类和辅助育种研究中。

关键词: 分子标记, 甘薯, 遗传多样性, 应用