解脂耶氏酵母细胞工厂生产重组蛋白的研究进展

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2026.0088

生物技术进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (3): 562-573.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2026.0088

解脂耶氏酵母细胞工厂生产重组蛋白的研究进展

赵璇¹(), 刘中雪¹(), 吴玲玲¹, 苟永明¹, 刘英杰²(), 马文建¹()

^1.天津科技大学生物工程学院，天津 300457
^2.齐鲁理工学院生物与化学工程学院，济南 250200

收稿日期:2026-04-03 接受日期:2026-05-19 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-07-14
通讯作者: 刘英杰,马文建
作者简介:赵璇 E-mail: 15234166962@163.com；
刘中雪 E-mail: 17860967536@163.com第一联系人：（赵璇、刘中雪并列第一作者）
基金资助:
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR202112010298);齐鲁理工学院科研计划项目(QIT24TP038)

Research Progress on Recombinant Protein Production in the Yarrowia lipolytica Cell Factory

Xuan ZHAO¹(), Zhongxue LIU¹(), Lingling WU¹, Yongming GOU¹, Yingjie LIU²(), Wenjian MA¹()

^1.School of Bioengineering，Tianjin University of Science Technology，Tianjin 300457，China
^2.College of Biological and Chemical Engineering，Qilu Institute of Technology，Shandong Jinan 250200，China

Received:2026-04-03 Accepted:2026-05-19 Online:2026-05-25 Published:2026-07-14
Contact: Yingjie LIU,Wenjian MA

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高产重组蛋白是生物制造领域的核心需求之一，因此开发遗传稳定、高产的细胞工厂至关重要。解脂耶氏酵母（Yarrowia lipolytica）作为一种非常规酵母，因具有优秀的蛋白分泌能力、完善的真核翻译后加工功能、广阔的底物来源和良好的工业发酵特性，逐渐成为新型高效表达微生物。然而，天然酵母体系仍面临诸多挑战，难以满足多样化的重组蛋白生产需求。综述了解脂耶氏酵母细胞工厂生产重组蛋白的研究进展，分析了解脂耶氏酵母与常见表达宿主的特性，梳理了表达系统的核心元件及其优化策略，总结了宿主的基因编辑工具，阐述了蛋白分泌与稳定性的提升策略及应用实例，并对未来的发展方向进行了展望，以期为研发高效蛋白表达宿主助力。

关键词: 解脂耶氏酵母, 重组蛋白, 细胞工厂, 基因编辑工具, 分泌途径

Abstract:

High-yield recombinant protein production represents a core demand in biomanufacturing， driving the urgent need to develop genetically stable and highly productive cell factories. As a non-conventional yeast， Yarrowia lipolytica has emerged as a novel and efficient expression host due to its excellent protein secretion capacity， well-established eukaryotic post-translational modification machinery， broad substrate utilization， and favorable industrial fermentation characteristics. However， native yeast systems still face numerous challenges and often fall short of meeting the diverse requirements for recombinant protein production. The review summarized the research progress on recombinant protein production using Y. lipolytica cell factories， analyzed the characteristics of Y. lipolytica compared to common expression hosts， sorted out the core elements of its expression systems and corresponding optimization strategies， elaborated the genetic editing tools available for this host， outlined strategies and application examples for optimizing protein secretion and stability and finally， provides perspectives on future development directions， with the aim of advancing the engineering of efficient protein expression hosts.

Key words: Yarrowia lipolytica, recombinant protein, cell factory, genetic editing tools, secretion pathway

中图分类号:

Q291

赵璇, 刘中雪, 吴玲玲, 苟永明, 刘英杰, 马文建. 解脂耶氏酵母细胞工厂生产重组蛋白的研究进展[J]. 生物技术进展, 2026, 16(3): 562-573.

Xuan ZHAO, Zhongxue LIU, Lingling WU, Yongming GOU, Yingjie LIU, Wenjian MA. Research Progress on Recombinant Protein Production in the Yarrowia lipolytica Cell Factory[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2026, 16(3): 562-573.

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链接本文: https://swjsjz.magtechjournal.com/CN/10.19586/j.2095-2341.2026.0088

https://swjsjz.magtechjournal.com/CN/Y2026/V16/I3/562

图/表 4

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菌株	基因型	特征	参考文献
W29（CLIB89）	WT	MatA法国野生型菌株、基因组已经被测序	[23]
E129	lys11-23、leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322	MatA、含有zeta序列元件的菌株	[40]
E150	his1、leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322	MatB、含有zeta序列元件的菌株、参考菌株、基因组已经被测序	[41]
H222（CLIB80）	WT	MatA德国野生型菌株，擅长利用烷烃，常用于油脂生产相关研究	[23]
Po1d（CLIB139）	leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322、Leu^-、Ura^-、ΔAEP、Suc⁺	MatA、不含zeta序列元件的菌株	[42]
Po1e（CLIB723）	leu2-270、ura3-302::URA3、xpr2-322、Leu^-、ΔAEP、Suc⁺	MatA、基于pBR322的整合平台	[43]
Po1f（CLIB724）	leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322、axp1-2、Leu^-、Ura^-、ΔAEP、ΔAXP、Suc⁺	MatA、应用最广的工业底盘，去除了主要胞外蛋白酶（XPR2），有利于异源蛋白表达	[43]
Po1g（CLIB725）	leu2-270、ura3-302::URA3、xpr2-322、axp1-2Leu^-、ΔAEP、ΔAXP、Suc⁺	MatA、基于pBR322的整合平台，与Po1f相似，但保留了蛋白酶活性，适用于不同实验需求	[43]
Po1h（CLIB882）	ura3-302、xpr2-322、axp1-2、Ura^-、ΔAEP、ΔAXP、Suc⁺	MatA、单营养缺陷型，适合只需要单个筛选标记的场景	[44]
Y1212	leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322、Leu^-、Ura^-、ΔLIP2、ΔLIP7、ΔLIP8	MatA、含有zeta序列元件的菌株	[44]

菌株	基因型	特征	参考文献
W29（CLIB89）	WT	MatA法国野生型菌株、基因组已经被测序	[23]
E129	lys11-23、leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322	MatA、含有zeta序列元件的菌株	[40]
E150	his1、leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322	MatB、含有zeta序列元件的菌株、参考菌株、基因组已经被测序	[41]
H222（CLIB80）	WT	MatA德国野生型菌株，擅长利用烷烃，常用于油脂生产相关研究	[23]
Po1d（CLIB139）	leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322、Leu^-、Ura^-、ΔAEP、Suc⁺	MatA、不含zeta序列元件的菌株	[42]
Po1e（CLIB723）	leu2-270、ura3-302::URA3、xpr2-322、Leu^-、ΔAEP、Suc⁺	MatA、基于pBR322的整合平台	[43]
Po1f（CLIB724）	leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322、axp1-2、Leu^-、Ura^-、ΔAEP、ΔAXP、Suc⁺	MatA、应用最广的工业底盘，去除了主要胞外蛋白酶（XPR2），有利于异源蛋白表达	[43]
Po1g（CLIB725）	leu2-270、ura3-302::URA3、xpr2-322、axp1-2Leu^-、ΔAEP、ΔAXP、Suc⁺	MatA、基于pBR322的整合平台，与Po1f相似，但保留了蛋白酶活性，适用于不同实验需求	[43]
Po1h（CLIB882）	ura3-302、xpr2-322、axp1-2、Ura^-、ΔAEP、ΔAXP、Suc⁺	MatA、单营养缺陷型，适合只需要单个筛选标记的场景	[44]
Y1212	leu2-270、ura3-302、xpr2-322、Leu^-、Ura^-、ΔLIP2、ΔLIP7、ΔLIP8	MatA、含有zeta序列元件的菌株	[44]

启动子	特征	参考文献
pTEF1	内源；组成型	[43]
pTDH1	内源；组成型	[44]
pFBA1	内源；组成型	[44]
pGPD	内源；组成型	[45]
FBA1IN	杂合；组成型	[44]
pXPR2	内源；诱导型	[46]
pICL1	内源；诱导型	[45]
pPOT1	内源；诱导型	[45]
pPOX1、pPOX2、pPOX5	内源；诱导型	[45]
pLIP2	内源；烷烃、脂肪酸及其衍生物诱导型	[47]
pYAT	内源；低氮诱导型	[48]
pLEU2	内源；亮氨酸前体诱导型	[49]
pEYK1	内源；赤藓糖醇、赤藓酮糖诱导型及葡萄糖、甘油抑制型	[28]
php4d	杂合；组成型	[50]

启动子	特征	参考文献
pTEF1	内源；组成型	[43]
pTDH1	内源；组成型	[44]
pFBA1	内源；组成型	[44]
pGPD	内源；组成型	[45]
FBA1IN	杂合；组成型	[44]
pXPR2	内源；诱导型	[46]
pICL1	内源；诱导型	[45]
pPOT1	内源；诱导型	[45]
pPOX1、pPOX2、pPOX5	内源；诱导型	[45]
pLIP2	内源；烷烃、脂肪酸及其衍生物诱导型	[47]
pYAT	内源；低氮诱导型	[48]
pLEU2	内源；亮氨酸前体诱导型	[49]
pEYK1	内源；赤藓糖醇、赤藓酮糖诱导型及葡萄糖、甘油抑制型	[28]
php4d	杂合；组成型	[50]

菌株	底物	产物	产量/（U·mL^-1）	参考文献
JMY1212	甘油	脂肪酶	45 125	[73]
Po1g	蔗糖	漆酶	6 760	[74]
Po1g	甘油	α-淀粉酶	22 979.2	[75]
JMP62UraTEF	葡萄糖	木聚糖酶A	180	[76]
Po1g	葡萄糖	葡萄糖氧化酶	370	[77]
CBS 2075	混合脂肪烃	蛋白酶	3 423	[78]
Po1h	葡萄糖	植酸酶	636.23	[79]

解脂耶氏酵母细胞工厂生产重组蛋白的研究进展

Research Progress on Recombinant Protein Production in the Yarrowia lipolytica Cell Factory

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