Abstract:

As a natural fiber， cotton is the most important raw material for the textile industry and one of the most important cash crops in the world. With the pursuit of high-quality cotton fiber， increasing yield and improving cotton fiber quality are important goals of cotton breeding in China. The discovery of the key factors or related functional genes regulating the development of cotton fiber is not only helpful to understand the mechanism of cotton fiber development， but also provides new ideas for cultivating new varieties of high-quality cotton fiber. In this paper， we summarized the important role of related factors in fiber development and regulation from five aspects： fiber elongation， cytoskeletal structural proteins， plant hormones， carbohydrate metabolism and lignin metabolism， as well as some advances in the research of fiber-improved transgenic cotton. We hope to provide reference for further studies of the molecular mechanisms regulating cotton fiber development and related research on improving cotton fiber quality.

Key words: transgenic cotton, fiber development, fiber quality improvement

摘要：

棉花作为天然纤维，是最重要的纺织工业原料，为全球最重要的经济作物之一。随着对高品质棉纤维的需求逐渐增加，提高产量和改良棉花纤维品质都是当前我国棉花育种的重要目标。调控棉纤维发育的关键因子和相关功能基因的发掘，不仅有助于了解棉纤维发育机制，而且可为培育优质棉纤维新品种提供新的思路。从纤维伸长、细胞骨架结构蛋白、植物激素、糖类物质代谢和木质素代谢5个方面概述了相关因子在纤维发育和调控中的重要作用，以及纤维改良转基因棉花的研究进展，以期为进一步解析调控棉纤维发育的分子机理，为提高棉纤维品质的相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 转基因棉花, 纤维发育, 纤维品质改良