Abstract:

With strong carbon fixation capacity and amenability to genetic manipulations， cyanobacteria are considered to be ideal cell factories for developing green biotechnology products. However， many research achievements are still in the laboratory stage， and the production efficiency of various chemicals is low for a long time. Combining the advantages of cyanobacteria and making full use of modern biotechnology will help promote the in-depth research and development of cyanobacterial cell factories. Taking the development process of cyanobacterial biotechnology as the main line， this paper introduced the achievements of genetic engineering， metabolic engineering and synthetic biology in the research of cyanobacterial cell factory， and pointed out that "drug and food homology" was the direction of foreign protein expression by cyanobacteria for application. To develop advanced synthetic biological tools so as to transform， design and reconstruct the metabolic pathways of cyanobacteria chassis cells was the only way to achieve efficient production of chemicals. This paper was expected to provide a reference for the in-depth study of cyanobacterial biotechnology.

Key words: cyanobacteria, genetic engineering, metabolic process, chemical, chassis cells, synthetic biology

摘要：

蓝藻固碳能力强、易于进行遗传操作，是开发绿色生物技术产品的理想细胞工厂。但长期以来，许多研究成果仍处于实验室阶段，各种化学品生产的效率较低。结合蓝藻自身优势，充分利用现代生物技术手段，将有助于促进蓝藻细胞工厂的深入研究和发展。以蓝藻生物技术发展过程为主线，分别介绍了基因工程、代谢工程及合成生物学在蓝藻细胞工厂研究中取得的成果，并指出“药食同源”是蓝藻表达外源药物蛋白，实现成果转化的发展方向；开发先进的合成生物学工具，改造、设计和重构蓝藻底盘细胞代谢途径，是实现化学品高效生产的必由之路。期望为蓝藻生物技术相关问题的深入研究提供参考。

关键词: 蓝藻, 基因工程, 代谢过程, 化学品, 底盘细胞, 合成生物学