Abstract:

Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） are pluripotent cells derived from the mesoderm and can be differentiated into multiple mesenchymal cell lineages， and can produce a variety of interfilled mass spectrometry systems， including osteoblasts， adipocytes， chondrocytes and muscle cells. MSCs also have the ability to secrete a variety of cytokines， which can promote angiogenesis， epithelial regeneration and so on， which have great potential for regenerative medicine. Studies have confirmed that MSCs can promote tissue regeneration and accelerate wound healing by differentiating into multiple cell types； improve tissue fibrosis by secreting cytokines； and can induce tumor cell apoptosis by carrying drugs， thereby inhibit tumor development. However， the potential of MSCs to differentiate into fibroblasts and the ability to promote tumor growth decrease the safety of MSCs in clinical treatment. We summarized the role of MSCs in the occurrence and development of tumors， chronic wounds， fibrosis?related diseases， cardiovascular diseases and other diseases， and the clinical application of MSCs. The potential application value of MSCs in the treatment of related diseases and the challenges were further discussed， in order to provide reference for the clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, self?renewal, multi?lineage differ?entiation, immunomodulatory, disease treatment

摘要：

间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cell，MSCs）是衍生自中胚层的多能细胞，可产生多种间充质谱系，包括成骨细胞、脂肪细胞、成软骨细胞和肌细胞。MSCs还具有分泌多种细胞因子的能力，可促进血管生成、上皮再生等，在再生医学领域具有巨大的潜力。研究证实，MSCs可通过分化为多种细胞类型促进组织再生，加速伤口愈合；通过分泌细胞因子改善组织纤维化；还可通过携带载体药物诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡，抑制肿瘤的发展。然而MSCs的成纤维化潜能和促进肿瘤生长的能力降低了MSCs应用于临床治疗的安全性。总结了MSCs在肿瘤、慢性难愈合伤口、纤维化等疾病发展过程中的作用，并进一步讨论了MSCs在临床相关疾病治疗中的潜在应用价值及挑战，以期为间充质干细胞的临床应用提供参考。

关键词: 间充质干细胞, 自我更新, 多系分化, 免疫调节, 疾病治疗