Abstract: The establishment of rhizobia-legumes symbiotic nitrogen fixation system can not only promote soil nitrogen accumulation and improve soil fertility, but also have great potential for ecological restoration under different environmental factors. However, long-term studies have shown that these environmental factors also limit the system to play a full role in agricultural production. Through mutation breeding, the strain can be genetically mutated to obtain the high-yield and high-quality strains required. Based on this, the research and application of rhizobia mutagenesis breeding with high nitrogen fixation and stress resistance were reviewed in this paper, and the existing problems in the research and application of rhizobia mutagenesis breeding were put forward, expecting to provide reference for nitrogen fixation research.

Key words: Rhizobium, mutation breeding, nitrogen fixation capacity, stress resistance

摘要： 通过建立根瘤菌-豆科植物共生固氮体系不仅可以促进土壤氮素积累，改善土壤肥力，而且在不同环境因子的胁迫下具有很强的生态修复潜力，然而根据长期研究显示这些环境因子限制了这一体系在农业生产上充分发挥作用。通过诱变育种可以使菌种发生遗传变异，从而获得所需要的高产优质菌株。基于此，对高效固氮抗逆根瘤菌诱变育种方面的研究应用现状进行了综述，并提出了目前根瘤菌诱变育种在研究和应用中存在的问题，以期为固氮相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 根瘤菌, 诱变育种, 固氮能力, 抗逆性