Abstract: Transgenic technology plays an important role in the cultivation of excellent new varieties of animals and plants. With the development of nanobiotechnology, genetic transformation technology of animals and plants, which is based on gene vector constructed by nano-materials, is of great significance in developing novel transgenic methods for animals and plants, accelerating the largescale preparation of genetically modified germplasm materials and the process of cultivating new varieties. The types and properties of nano-gene vectors were reviewed. And in combination with the progress on genetics and breeding of animals and plants, the characteristics and advantages of nano-gene vectors compared with other vectors were analyzed. In the meantime, the basic principle and operation process of gene transfection technology based on nano-gene carrier, as well as its application in genetic transformation of animals and plants were expounded emphatically, which was expected to provide a new thought for genetic engineering transformation of animals and plants.

Key words: transgenosis, genetic engineering of animals and plants, gene transfection technology, nano-gene vector

摘要： 转基因技术在动植物优良新品种的培育中发挥着重要作用，而随着纳米生物技术的发展，基于纳米材料构建基因载体的动植物转基因技术，对于发展动植物转基因新方法以及加速转基因种质材料的大规模制备、优良新品种的培育进程具有更为重要的意义。综述了纳米基因载体的种类与性质，并结合动植物遗传育种的研究进展，分析了纳米基因载体相比于其他载体的特点及优势，同时，重点阐述了基于纳米基因载体的基因转染技术的基本原理和操作过程，及其在动植物遗传转化中的应用，以期为动植物基因工程改造提供新思路。

关键词: 转基因, 动植物基因工程, 基因转染技术, 纳米基因载体