Abstract: In recent years, new infectious diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and H7N9 avian influenza, have outbroken one after another, which seriously threatened human health and the sustainable development of society and economy, and brought severe challenges to the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Pathogen detection is an important link in the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and therefore more and more new techniques have been applied in it. As a rapid and high sensitivity pathogen detection technology, isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology has obtained the considerable development. The principle, important characteristics and application progress in pathogen detection of isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique were reviewed, which were expected to provide important references for the promotion and application of this valuable technique.

Key words: isothermal nucleic acid amplification, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, recombinant enzyme dependent polymerase amplification, pathogen detection techniques

摘要： 近年来，新型传染病相继爆发，如严重急性呼吸综合征（severe acute respiratory syndrome，SARS）、H7N9禽流感等，严重威胁着人类健康和社会、经济的可持续发展，同时给传染病的防控带来了严峻挑战。病原体检测是传染病防控的重要环节，越来越多的新技术被应用其中。等温核酸扩增技术作为一种快速、灵敏度高的病原体检测技术，已取得了长足发展。对等温核酸扩增技术的原理、重要特性及其在病原体检测中的应用进展进行了较为全面的综述，以期为这一技术的推广和应用提供重要参考。

关键词: 等温核酸扩增, 依赖核酸序列扩增, 环介导等温扩增, 重组酶聚合酶扩增, 病原体检测技术