Abstract: As a kind of probiotics, Bacillus was widely used in industrial, agriculture , medical treatment and public health fields. Gene knockout technology is an important mean for gene function research which is conductive to understand the biological control and regulation mechanisms in Bacillus. This paper reviews the principles and characteristics of two kinds of gene knockout technology methods which are homologous recombination and insertion mutation, and their application advance in Bacillu, discusses the limitation of gene knockout technology, finally prospects the research and development in the future.

Key words: Bacillus, gene knockout, homologous recombination, insertion mutation

摘要： 芽胞杆菌作为益生菌的一种,在工业、农业、食品及医疗等领域都有着重要的应用价值。基因敲除技术是研究基因功能的重要手段,利用该技术进行分子生物学研究有利于加深对芽胞杆菌生物防治作用机理和调控机制的认识。本文综述了利用同源重组和随机插入突变两种基因敲除方式进行基因敲除的原理、特点及在芽胞杆菌中研究应用现状。最后探讨了该技术存在的局限性,并提出展望。

关键词: 芽胞杆菌, 基因敲除, 同源重组, 插入突变