Abstract:

Hepatic fibrosis poses a significant threat to human health. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology offers a novel approach to elucidate its complex pathological mechanisms. Traditional research methods are limited in identifying the different cell subpopulations and their gene expression changes in hepatic fibrosis， making it difficult to fully understand the disease mechanisms. This paper summarized the research progress of single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology in identifying various cell subtypes during the process of hepatic fibrosis. Single-cell RNA sequencing technology can precisely analyze the gene expression and heterogeneity of different cell types， revealing the dynamic changes in cell subpopulations and their gene expression during hepatic fibrosis. This， in turn， helped in understanding the functions， interactions， and contributions of various cell subtypes to the progression of the disease. The paper further discussed the significance and prospects of this technology in hepatic fibrosis research. By using this technology， key genes and signaling pathways related to fibrosis can be identified， providing a theoretical basis for early diagnosis， the discovery of therapeutic targets， and the development of new treatments. Additionally， with the integration of spatial transcriptome sequencing technology， researchers can observe the spatial distribution of cells within tissues， further enhancing the understanding of the microenvironment of hepatic fibrosis. This technology aids in deepening the understanding of the pathological mechanisms of hepatic fibrosis and offers innovative ideas for discovering new therapeutic targets and developing strategies for early diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: liver fibrosis, single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, fibrosis mechanisms, cell-cell interactions

摘要：

肝纤维化是一种严重威胁人类健康的疾病，单细胞转录组测序技术为揭示其复杂的病理机制提供了全新途径。传统的研究方法在识别肝纤维化中不同细胞亚群及其基因表达变化方面存在局限，难以深入理解疾病机制。概述了单细胞转录组测序技术在肝纤维化过程中对不同细胞亚群类型的研究进展，单细胞RNA测序技术能够精确地解析不同细胞类型的基因表达及异质性，揭示肝纤维化过程中细胞亚群的动态变化及相关基因的表达，进而有助于理解各类细胞亚型在肝纤维化中的功能、相互作用及其对疾病进展的贡献。进一步探讨了该技术在肝纤维化研究中的重要意义与应用前景，通过这一技术，可以鉴定出与纤维化相关的关键基因和信号通路，为早期诊断、治疗靶点的发现以及新疗法的制定提供理论依据。此外，结合空间转录组测序技术，研究者可以在空间维度上观察细胞在组织中的分布，进一步提升对肝纤维化微环境的理解。该技术有助于深入理解肝纤维化的病理机制，为寻找新的治疗靶点和制定早期诊断及治疗策略提供了创新思路。

关键词: 肝纤维化, 单细胞测序, 空间转录组, 纤维化机制, 细胞相互作用