西方蜜蜂转录因子Capicua的分子特征、系统进化及基因表达模式

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2025.0190

生物技术进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 960-967.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2025.0190

西方蜜蜂转录因子Capicua的分子特征、系统进化及基因表达模式

刘园园¹(), 李永胜²(), 杨佳润³, 王雄杰¹, 程远¹, 卢亚洲⁴(), 臧贺³()

^1.歙县畜牧水产站，安徽黄山 245000
^2.黄山市动物疫病预防与控制中心，安徽黄山 245000
^3.福建农林大学蜂学与生物医药学院，福州 350002
^4.安徽省畜牧技术推广总站，合肥 230000

收稿日期:2025-12-29 接受日期:2026-03-13 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-09-11
通信作者: 卢亚洲,臧贺
作者简介:刘园园 E-mail: 616299357@qq.com
李永胜 E-mail: 372901470@qq.com第一联系人：本文共同第一作者。
基金资助:
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202510389033)

Molecular Property, Phyletic Evolution and Gene Expression Pattern of Apis mellifera Transcription Factor Capicua

Yuanyuan LIU¹(), Yongsheng LI²(), Jiarun YANG³, Xiongjie WANG¹, Yuan CHENG¹, Yazhou LU⁴(), He ZANG³()

^1.Shexian Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Station，Anhui Huangshan 245000，China
^2.Huangshan Animal Epidemic Prevention and Control Center，Anhui Huangshan 245000，China
^3.College of Bee Science and Biomedicine，Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University，Fuzhou 350002，China
^4.Anhui Provincial Livestock Technology Promotion Station，Hefei 230000，China

Received:2025-12-29 Accepted:2026-03-13 Online:2026-07-25 Published:2026-09-11
Contact: Yazhou LU,He ZANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在探究西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）RNA转录因子Capicua（AmCIC）的功能。利用生物信息学软件预测AmCIC的理化性质、分子特征、保守基序和结构域，RT-qPCR检测AmCIC的相对表达量。结果显示，AmCIC分子式为C₉₀₅₀H₁₄₃₃₉N₂₆₅₃O₂₉₃₂S₅₉，分子量209.11 kD，脂溶系数62.64，等电点7.42，亲水系数-0.760，无跨膜域与信号肽，定位于细胞核、线粒体和细胞质，说明AmCIC为亲水蛋白、非跨膜胞内蛋白。7种蜂类CIC含2个相同结构域与5个保守基序，西方蜜蜂与黑大蜜蜂CIC同源性最高。AmCIC在工蜂成虫脑组织中的表达量最高；在幼虫的不同发育阶段中，卵的表达量最高；在成虫的不同日龄中，12日龄表达量最高。幼虫经蜜蜂球囊菌接种后，肠道中AmCIC表达极显著下调（P<0.001），说明其参与了对病原体的侵染应答。以上结果表明AmCIC在蜜蜂发育和真菌免疫反应中的潜在作用。

关键词: 西方蜜蜂, 转录因子Capicua, 分子特征, 表达模式, 蜜蜂球囊菌

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the function of the RNA transcription factor Capicua （AmCIC） in the Apis mellifera. Bioinformatic analyses were conducted to predict the physicochemical properties， molecular characteristics， conserved motifs， and functional domains of AmCIC， and its relative expression levels were examined by RT-qPCR. The results showed that the predicted molecular formula of AmCIC is C₉₀₅₀H₁₄₃₃₉N₂₆₅₃O₂₉₃₂S₅₉， with a molecular weight of 209.11 kD， an aliphatic index of 62.64， and an isoelectric point of 7.42. The protein exhibits a hydrophilicity index of -0.760 and lacks both transmembrane domains and signal peptides. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that AmCIC is distributed in the nucleus， mitochondria， and cytoplasm， suggesting that it is a hydrophilic， non-transmembrane intracellular protein. Comparative analysis revealed that CIC proteins from seven bee species share two conserved domains and five conserved motifs， with A. mellifera and Apis laboriosa clustering closely in phylogenetic analyses. Expression profiling showed that AmCIC is expressed in all examined tissues of adult worker bees， with the highest expression detected in the brain. During larval development， AmCIC expression was highest at the egg stage， while among adult workers of different ages， peak expression occurred at 12 days post-emergence. Notably， following Ascosphaera apis inoculation， AmCIC expression in the larval midgut was extremely significantly downregulated （P<0.001）， indicating that AmCIC is involved in the host response to pathogen infection. Collectively， these results suggest a potential role for this transcription factor in honeybee development and antifungal immune responses.

Key words: Apis mellifera, Capicua transcription factor, molecular characteristics, expression patterns, Ascosphaera apis

中图分类号:

Q966

刘园园, 李永胜, 杨佳润, 王雄杰, 程远, 卢亚洲, 臧贺. 西方蜜蜂转录因子Capicua的分子特征、系统进化及基因表达模式[J]. 生物技术进展, 2026, 16(4): 960-967.

Yuanyuan LIU, Yongsheng LI, Jiarun YANG, Xiongjie WANG, Yuan CHENG, Yazhou LU, He ZANG. Molecular Property, Phyletic Evolution and Gene Expression Pattern of Apis mellifera Transcription Factor Capicua[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2026, 16(4): 960-967.

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链接本文: https://swjsjz.magtechjournal.com/CN/10.19586/j.2095-2341.2025.0190

https://swjsjz.magtechjournal.com/CN/Y2026/V16/I4/960

图/表 6

图1 AmCIC蛋白的结构与蛋白互作网络A：二级结构；B：三级结构；C：蛋白互作网络

Fig. 1 The structure and interaction network of AmCICprotein

图2 西方蜜蜂与其他6种昆虫的CIC所含的保守基序和结构域A：保守基序；B：结构域

Fig. 2 Conserved motifs and structural domains included in CIC from Apis mellifera and other 6 insects

图3 基于CIC氨基酸序列的西方蜜蜂与其他10个物种的系统发育树

Fig. 3 Phylogenetic tree of Apis mellifera and 10 other species constructed based on the CIC amino acid sequence

图4 AmCIC在西方蜜蜂工蜂成虫7个不同组织中的相对表达量注：图中数据为平均值±标准误；不同字母表示差异在P<0.05水平上具有统计学意义。

Fig. 4 Relative expression level of AmCIC in 7 distinct tissues of Apis mellifera worker adult

图5 AmCIC在西方蜜蜂工蜂不同发育时期的相对表达水平注：图中数据为平均值±标准误；不同字母表示差异在P<0.05水平上具有统计学意义。

Fig. 5 Relative expression level of AmCIC in different developmental stages of Apis mellifera workers

图6 西方蜜蜂工蜂幼虫肠道应答蜜蜂球囊菌侵染中AmCIC的相对表达量注：***、****分别表示差异在P<0.000 1、P<0.000 01水平上有统计学意义。

Fig. 6 Relative expression level of AmCIC in the guts of Apis mellifera worker larvae responding to Ascosphaera apis infection

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西方蜜蜂转录因子Capicua的分子特征、系统进化及基因表达模式

Molecular Property, Phyletic Evolution and Gene Expression Pattern of Apis mellifera Transcription Factor Capicua

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