Abstract: Carbohydrate is one of the most important active substances in our life. It is not only the energy source for cells, but also used as the signal molecule participating in various activities in cells. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are the third most component in human milk, its quality are lower than those of lactose and lipids, and higher than that of proteins. HMOs play significant roles in babys development and health. Efficient analytical methods are the necessary prerequisite to a better understanding of the relationship between the oligosaccharide structures and biofunctions. This review provided a biref introduction of HMOs and discussed recent advances in the pretreatment, separation and analysis, structural characterization of HMOs.

Key words: human milk oligosaccharides, pretreatment, separation and analysis, structual characterization

摘要： 糖是一类重要的生命活性物质，它不仅是细胞能量代谢的源泉，还常作为信号分子参与细胞的各种活动。人乳寡糖（human milk oligosaccharides,HMOs）在人乳干物质中的含量仅次于乳糖和脂肪，高于蛋白质，对婴儿的发育和健康具有重要作用。为了更好的理解人乳寡糖的生物功能和结构的关系，对其组成和结构开展分析研究是必不可少的。对人乳寡糖进行了简要的介绍，并就其预处理方法、分离分析和结构表征方法进行了综述，以期为人乳寡糖的深入研究提供参考。

关键词: 人乳寡糖, 预处理, 分离分析, 结构表征