Determination and Analysis of Nutritional Components, Active Substances and Heavy Metal Content in Artemisia indica

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2024.0124

Current Biotechnology ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (1): 102-109.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2024.0124

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Determination and Analysis of Nutritional Components, Active Substances and Heavy Metal Content in Artemisia indica

Ningjie LI¹(), Bingnian JING¹, Wei WANG¹, Yuqing LIU², Xiaoyang XIE², Genlai DONG², Xuefang WANG², Lei WEI¹()

^1.Key Laboratory of Natural Products，Henan Academy of Sciences，Zhengzhou 450002，China
^2.Henan Natural Products Biotechnology Co. ，Ltd. ，Henan Natural Plant Flavonoids Development and Application Engineering Research Center，Zhengzhou 450002，China

Received:2024-07-08 Accepted:2024-08-26 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-03-07
Contact: Lei WEI

五月艾营养成分、活性物质及重金属含量测定与分析

李宁洁¹(), 景炳年¹, 王伟¹, 刘雨晴², 谢晓阳², 董跟来², 王学方², 魏磊¹()

^1.河南省科学院天然产物重点实验室，郑州 450002
^2.河南省纳普生物技术有限公司，河南省植物黄酮类天然成分开发与应用工程研究中心，郑州 450002

通讯作者: 魏磊
作者简介:李宁洁 E-mail：officelnj15@163.com；
基金资助:
河南省科技攻关项目(222102110219);河南省科学院重大科研项目聚焦专项(210113003)

Abstract

Abstract:

Artemisia indica is used as a food ingredient in the folk， but there is a lack of systematic measurement and analysis of its nutritional components， active substances and heavy metal content. In this study， national standards and literature methods were used to determine the nutritional components， mineral elements， vitamins， amino acid composition， active substances and heavy metal content. The results showed that the descending order of nutritional components in Artemisia indica was： protein （31.62%）， carbohydrate （29.86%）， fiber （22.57%）， total sugar （20.94%）， ash （8.76%） and fat （7.42%）. It was rich in VK₁， VB₁， VB₂， VB₁₂ and folic acid， especially the content of VB₂ was as high as 1 mg·100 g^-1. There were many mineral elements such as Na， K， Ca， Zn， Mg， Mn， Fe， Cu and Se， of which K content was the highest， up to 28 747.71 mg·kg^-1. In terms of amino acid composition， the protein was rich in various amino acids， including 8 kinds of essential amino acids. The content of essential amino acids accounted for 40.13% of the total amino acids， and the functional amino acids accounted for 56.7%. The main active ingredients were triterpenoids and polysaccharides， with contents of 5.38% and 2.91%， respectively. The contents of Hg， Pb， Cr and As were all below the limits of national food safety standards except Cd. Therefore， Artemisia indica is a food resource with high protein， high fiber， low fat， rich mineral elements types， high content B-group vitamins， and active substances such as triterpenoids and polysaccharides. This results will provide a theoretical basis for further research and development of Artemisia indica.

Key words: Artemisia indica, nutritional components, active substances, heavy metal, amino acid composition

摘要：

五月艾（Artemisia indica）在民间可作为一种食品原料，但对其营养成分、活性物质和重金属含量缺乏系统的测定与分析方法。采用国家标准和文献推荐的方法测定五月艾中的营养物质、矿质元素、维生素、氨基酸、活性物质及重金属含量。结果表明，五月艾营养成分含量由高到低依次为蛋白质（31.62%）、碳水化合物（29.86%）、粗纤维（22.57%）、总糖（20.94%）、灰分（8.76%）和脂肪（7.42%）；富含多种维生素，包括VK₁、VB₁、VB₂、VB₁₂和叶酸，其中VB₂含量高达1 mg·100 g^-1；含有Na、K、Ca、Zn、Mg、Mn、Fe、Cu、Se等多种矿质元素，其中K的含量最高，达28 747.71 mg·kg^-1；含有除精氨酸以外的17种人体常见氨基酸，氨基酸总量达24.57 g·100g^-1，其中必需氨基酸占比40.13％，功能性氨基酸占比56.7％；主要活性物质包括三萜和多糖类化合物，其含量分别为5.38%和2.91%；除镉元素外，汞、铅、铬和砷等重金属含量均低于国家食品安全标准限值。因此，五月艾是一种高蛋白、高纤维、低脂肪、氨基酸组成合理、矿质元素种类丰富、B族维生素含量较高、含有三萜和多糖等活性物质的食物资源，研究结果可为其进一步研究开发提供理论依据。

关键词: 五月艾, 营养成分, 活性物质, 重金属, 氨基酸组成

CLC Number:

Q945.1

Ningjie LI, Bingnian JING, Wei WANG, Yuqing LIU, Xiaoyang XIE, Genlai DONG, Xuefang WANG, Lei WEI. Determination and Analysis of Nutritional Components, Active Substances and Heavy Metal Content in Artemisia indica[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2025, 15(1): 102-109.

李宁洁, 景炳年, 王伟, 刘雨晴, 谢晓阳, 董跟来, 王学方, 魏磊. 五月艾营养成分、活性物质及重金属含量测定与分析[J]. 生物技术进展, 2025, 15(1): 102-109.

Figures/Tables 7

References 47

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营养成分	五月艾	肇庆野生五月艾^[16]	红脚艾^[17]	黄花蒿^[18]
水分/%	78.22±3.01	-	-	-
灰分/%	8.76±0.57	12.0	10.0	11.8
蛋白质/%	31.62±2.65	13.9	18.9	30.3
脂肪/%	7.42±0.94	15.6	5.5	9.3
粗纤维/%	22.57±0.84	25.3	59.6	40.3
碳水化合物/%	29.86±3.38	33.1	6.0	8.3
总糖/%	20.94±3.05	-	-	-

营养成分	五月艾	肇庆野生五月艾^[16]	红脚艾^[17]	黄花蒿^[18]
水分/%	78.22±3.01	-	-	-
灰分/%	8.76±0.57	12.0	10.0	11.8
蛋白质/%	31.62±2.65	13.9	18.9	30.3
脂肪/%	7.42±0.94	15.6	5.5	9.3
粗纤维/%	22.57±0.84	25.3	59.6	40.3
碳水化合物/%	29.86±3.38	33.1	6.0	8.3
总糖/%	20.94±3.05	-	-	-

维生素	五月艾	野艾蒿^[19]	维生素	五月艾	野艾蒿^[19]
VA/(μg·100g^-1)	ND（<10）	84.40	VB₆/(mg·100g^-1)	ND（<0.05）	0.20
VD/(μg·100g^-1)	ND（<0.7）	11.80	VB₁₂/(μg·100g^-1)	2.05±0.16	-
VE/(mg·100g^-1)	ND（<0.04）	0.79	叶酸/(μg·100g^-1)	411.78±15.36	109.00
VK₁/(μg·100g^-1)	65.83±2.66	9.30	烟酸/(μg·100g^-1)	ND（<30）	-
VB₁/(mg·100g^-1)	0.58±0.04	0.14	泛酸/(mg·100g^-1)	ND（<0.025）	-
VB₂/(mg·100g^-1)	1.00±0.15	0.69

维生素	五月艾	野艾蒿^[19]	维生素	五月艾	野艾蒿^[19]
VA/(μg·100g^-1)	ND（<10）	84.40	VB₆/(mg·100g^-1)	ND（<0.05）	0.20
VD/(μg·100g^-1)	ND（<0.7）	11.80	VB₁₂/(μg·100g^-1)	2.05±0.16	-
VE/(mg·100g^-1)	ND（<0.04）	0.79	叶酸/(μg·100g^-1)	411.78±15.36	109.00
VK₁/(μg·100g^-1)	65.83±2.66	9.30	烟酸/(μg·100g^-1)	ND（<30）	-
VB₁/(mg·100g^-1)	0.58±0.04	0.14	泛酸/(mg·100g^-1)	ND（<0.025）	-
VB₂/(mg·100g^-1)	1.00±0.15	0.69

种类	常量元素/（mg·kg^-1）				微量元素/（mg·kg^-1）
种类	Na	K	Mg	Ca	Fe	Zn	Mn	Cu	Se
五月艾	111.53±3.51	28 747.71±185.14	4 804.28±86.59	1 313.46±41.62	365.29±11.28	29.57±1.83	318.96±10.82	18.27±1.95	0.03±0.00
红脚艾^[17]	16.80	3 500.00	2 860.00	12 500.00	1 240.00	36.90	-	15.80	-
野艾蒿^[19]	-	-	-	-	1 144.50	41.60	-	10.20	144.20
湖北蕲春艾草^[20]	-	-	3 550.00	3 410.00	1 050.00	58.00	345.00	13.80	-

Determination and Analysis of Nutritional Components, Active Substances and Heavy Metal Content in Artemisia indica

五月艾营养成分、活性物质及重金属含量测定与分析

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	种类	含量/（g·100g^-1）	占比/%
必需氨基酸	缬氨酸	1.40	5.70
	异亮氨酸	1.09	4.44
	亮氨酸	2.01	8.18
	苯丙氨酸	1.49	6.06
	甲硫氨酸	0.18	0.73
	色氨酸	0.51	2.08
	苏氨酸	1.14	4.64
	赖氨酸	2.04	8.30
非必需氨基酸	天冬氨酸	3.23	13.15
	丝氨酸	1.00	4.07
	精氨酸	1.90	7.73
	丙氨酸	1.38	5.62
	组氨酸	0.63	2.56
	酪氨酸	0.92	3.74
	脯氨酸	1.44	5.86
	甘氨酸	1.27	5.17
	谷氨酸	2.94	11.97
EAA		9.86	39.76
NEAA		14.71	60.24
TAA		24.57	-
EAA/TAA		0.40	-
EAA/NEAA		0.67	-

必需氨基酸	五月艾	FAO/WHO模式	RAA	RC	SRC
缬氨酸	1.40	5.0	0.28	1.01	62.72
异亮氨酸	1.09	4.0	0.27	0.98
亮氨酸	2.01	7.0	0.29	1.03
苏氨酸	1.14	4.0	0.29	1.02
赖氨酸	2.04	5.5	0.37	1.33
苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸	2.41	6.0	0.40	1.44
甲硫氨酸+胱氨酸	0.18	3.5	0.05	0.19

项目	铅/（mg·kg^-1）	砷/（mg·kg^-1）	汞/（mg·kg^-1）	铬/（mg·kg^-1）	镉/（mg·kg^-1）
五月艾	0.583±0.07	ND	0.019±0.003	0.236±0.015	0.521±0.06
GB 2762—2017	≤1.0	≤0.5	≤0.1	ND	≤0.5
行业标准	≤5.0	≤2.0	≤0.2	ND	≤0.3

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