Abstract:

Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of death in the world， and its incidence rate is increasing annually. Therefore， it is becoming increasingly urgent to find effective methods for prevention， diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Monoamine oxidase A （MAO-A）， a flavoenzyme located in the outer membrane of mitochondria， is responsible for the oxidative deamination of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） and norepinephrine （NE）， where accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species （ROS）， such as hydrogen peroxide （H₂O₂）， aldehyde and ammonia. Excessively produced ROS leads to mitochondrial dysfunction by targeting mitochondrial DNA， thereby accelerating ROS production， which is the main cause of cardiac oxidative stress and cardiac injury. Previously， MAO-A inhibitors were mostly used for the treatment of mental and nervous system diseases， but the roles of MAO-A in cardiovascular diseases have not been concerned until recently. Based on the above research findings， the role of ROS produced by MAO-A degradation of amines in cardiovascular diseases and its potential as a treatment for cardiovascular diseases were systematically reviewed， which was expected to provide reference for cardiovascular diseases treatment.

Key words: monoamine oxidase A, reactive oxygen species, neurotransmitter, cardiovascular disease

摘要：

心血管疾病是人类最常见的死亡原因之一，其发病率逐年上升，因此，寻找有效的心血管疾病预防和诊治方法越来越迫切。单胺氧化酶A（monoamine oxidase A，MAO-A）是一种定位于线粒体外膜的黄素酶，负责5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT）和去甲肾上腺素（norepinephrine，NE）的氧化脱氨，在这个过程中伴随过氧化氢（hydrogen peroxide，H₂O₂）、醛和氨等活性氧簇（reactive oxygen species，ROS）的堆积。过量产生的ROS通过靶向线粒体DNA，导致线粒体功能障碍，从而加速ROS的产生，这是引起心脏氧化应激和心脏损伤的主要原因。既往MAO-A抑制剂多用于精神及神经系统疾病的治疗，但MAO-A在心血管疾病中的作用直到最近才受到关注。基于以上研究发现，系统综述了MAO-A降解胺类物质生成的ROS在心血管疾病中的作用，以及作为治疗心血管疾病的潜力，以期为心血管疾病的治疗提供参考数据。

关键词: 单胺氧化酶A, 活性氧簇, 神经递质, 心血管疾病