Abstract:

In order to expand the resource utilization of potato starch residue， the feasibility of potato starch residue as an alternative raw material for edible fungus cultivation substrate was explored. In this study， potato starch residue was used as the test material to explore the effects of different potato starch residue ratios （0， 4%， 8%， 12%， 16% and 20%） in culture media on the growth characteristics and yield of Flammulina velatum by bag planting. By measuring the mycelium growth， hyphae growth rate， mushroom yield and biological efficiency of F. velutipes， the optimal addition ratio of potato starch residue in the cultivation substrate of enoki was screened. The results showed that adding different proportions of potato starch residue in the ordinary basic formula had different degrees of effects on the growth and yield of enoki mushrooms. Among them， the optimal amount of potato starch residue was 12%. The best formula for enoki mushroom cultivation was potato starch residue 12%， cottonseed husk 20%， corn cob 24%， wood chips 20%， wheat bran 15%， gypsum 1% and corn flour 8%， under this cultivation substrate formula， F. velutipes growth was dense， white color， mycelium growth rate （0.333 cm·d^-1） was faster than other experimental groups， fruiting body biological efficiency （71.61%） and yield （214.8 g·bag^-1） were the highest， respectively. It was shown that the addition of potato starch residue to replace part of the cottonseed husk in the base culture medium could promote the growth of enoki mushrooms. Therefore， potato starch residue is feasible as an alternative raw material for enoki cultivation substrate.

Key words: potato starch residue, Flammulina velutipes, cultivation substrate formula, growth characteristics

摘要：

为拓展马铃薯淀粉渣资源化利用途径，探讨马铃薯淀粉渣作为食用菌栽培基质替代原料的可行性。以马铃薯淀粉渣为试验材料，通过袋栽方式，探究不同马铃薯淀粉渣配比（0、4%、8%、12%、16%和20%）的培养料对金针菇菌丝体生长特性和产量的影响。通过测定菌丝体长势、菌丝生长速度、出菇产量和金针菇生物学效率等指标，筛选马铃薯淀粉渣在金针菇栽培基质中的最佳添加比例。结果表明，在普通基础配方中添加不同比例的马铃薯淀粉渣对金针菇的生长及产量均有不同程度的影响。其中，马铃薯淀粉渣最佳加入量为12%。金针菇栽培的最佳配方为马铃薯淀粉渣12%，棉籽壳20%，玉米芯24%，木屑20%，麦麸15%，石膏1%和玉米粉8%，在此栽培基质配方下金针菇菌丝体生长浓密，颜色洁白，菌丝生长速度(0.333 cm·d^-1)较其他试验组快，子实体生物学效率(71.61%)和产量（214.8 g·袋^-1)最高。结果表明，适量添加马铃薯淀粉渣替代基础培养料中的部分棉籽壳可以促进金针菇的生长。因此，马铃薯淀粉渣作为金针菇栽培基质的替代原料具有可行性。

关键词: 马铃薯淀粉渣, 金针菇, 栽培基质配方, 生长特性