Efficacy Evaluation of Forensic Polymorphism Application of 59 Y-STR

doi:10.19586/j.2095-2341.2022.0095

Current Biotechnology ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (1): 107-114.DOI: 10.19586/j.2095-2341.2022.0095

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Efficacy Evaluation of Forensic Polymorphism Application of 59 Y-STR

Dayu LIU¹(), Jichao XU², Ying ZENG²^,³, Quyi XU², Hong LIU², Yue LI², Changhui LIU²()

^1.Huangpu Branch of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau，Guangzhou 510700，China
^2.Guangzhou Institute of Forensic Science，Guangzhou 510442，China
^3.School of Forensic Medicine，Southern Medical University，Guangzhou 510515，China

Received:2022-06-01 Accepted:2022-08-30 Online:2023-01-25 Published:2023-02-07
Contact: Changhui LIU

59个Y-STR基因座的法医学多态性应用效能评估

刘大宇¹(), 徐际超², 曾滢²^,³, 徐曲毅², 刘宏², 李越², 刘长晖²()

^1.广州市公安局黄埔区分局，广州 510700
^2.广州市刑事科学技术研究所，广州 510442
^3.南方医科大学法医学院，广州 510515

通讯作者: 刘长晖
作者简介:刘大宇 E-mail:408039613@qq.com；
基金资助:
广州市科技计划项目(2019030014)

Abstract

Abstract:

To evaluate the polymorphism of 59 Y-STR loci， being involved into forensic DNA database construction， a total of 374 unrelated Guangdong Han-ethnic male individuals were genotyped with both AGCU Y SUPP PLUS and AGCU Y37 kits by their different combinations， along with the resultant forensic efficiency appraised. The efficiency of 59 Y-STRs was estimated according to different genetic categories： high-and-rapid and/or slow-and-moderate mutating Y-STR combinations. The results showed that of the 374 Guangdong Han-ethnic unrelated male individuals， 374 haplotypes were detected by all the Y-STR 59-locus combination， with 372 and 373 ones being discovered from the high-and-rapid mutating 15-locus Y-STRs and slow-and-moderate 44-locus Y-STRs， respectively. The values of gene diversity ranged from 0.055 1 （DYS645） to 0.958 0 （DYF387S1 a/b）. Both two kits are of great polymorphism in Guangdong Han-ethnic population， suggesting that the various forensic requirements will be better met if novel testing systems are to develop based on the combination of slow-and-moderate and/or high-and-rapid mutating Y-STRs.

Key words: forensic genetics, Y-STR, slow-and-moderate mutating Y-STR, high-and-rapid mutating Y-STR, haplotype

摘要：

为了评估法医学DNA数据库建设中涉及的59个Y-STR基因座的遗传多态性和法医学应用效能，通过AGCU Y SUPP PLUS试剂盒和AGCU Y37试剂盒检测374个广东汉族无关男性个体，将检测出的59个Y-STR基因座按照突变率的高低进行分类组合和统计分析。结果显示，59个Y-STR基因座联合运用在374个无关男性个体中检出了374个单倍型，其中44个中低突变Y-STR组合、15个高快突变Y-STR组合分别检出373和372个单倍型。59个Y-STR的基因多态性数值分布在0.055 1 (DYS645)~0.958 0 (DYF387S1 a/b)之间。结果表明，这59个Y-STR在广东汉族群体中均具有良好的多态性，按中低突变Y-STR组合和高快突变Y-STR组合研发新的检测体系可更好地满足法医实践的不同需求。

关键词: 法医遗传学, Y-STR, 中低突变Y-STR, 高快突变Y-STR, 单倍型

CLC Number:

DF795.2

Dayu LIU, Jichao XU, Ying ZENG, Quyi XU, Hong LIU, Yue LI, Changhui LIU. Efficacy Evaluation of Forensic Polymorphism Application of 59 Y-STR[J]. Current Biotechnology, 2023, 13(1): 107-114.

刘大宇, 徐际超, 曾滢, 徐曲毅, 刘宏, 李越, 刘长晖. 59个Y-STR基因座的法医学多态性应用效能评估[J]. 生物技术进展, 2023, 13(1): 107-114.

Figures/Tables 3

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DYS393		Y_GATA_H4		DYS439		DYS392		DYS389I
A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F
11	0.002 8	10	0.070 8	8	0.002 8	10	0.011 3	11	0.002 8
12	0.501 4	11	0.317 3	9	—	11	0.062 3	12	0.583 6
13	0.308 8	12	0.526 9	10	0.028 3	12	0.073 7	13	0.260 6
14	0.161 5	13	0.085 0	11	0.351 3	13	0.470 3	14	0.150 1
15	0.022 7	DYS645		12	0.444 8	14	0.351 3	15	0.002 8
16	0.002 8	A	F	13	0.150 1	15	0.028 3	DYS596
DYS438		8	0.971 7	14	0.017 0	16	0.002 8	A	F
A	F	9	0.028 3	15	0.005 7	DYS460		13	0.005 7
9	0.011 3	DYS391		DYS388		A	F	14	0.280 5
10	0.711 0	A	F	A	F	8	0.002 8	15	0.648 7
11	0.246 5	6	0.008 5	9	0.002 8	9	0.339 9	16	0.056 7
12	0.019 8	8	—	10	0.184 1	10	0.467 4	17	0.008 5
13	0.011 3	9	0.034 0	11	—	11	0.170 0	DYS508
DYS531		10	0.762 0	12	0.711 0	12	0.017 0	A	F
A	F	11	0.192 6	13	0.073 7	13	0.002 8	10	0.022 7
9	0.011 3	12	0.002 8	14	0.019 8	DYS549		11	0.155 8
10	0.087 8	DYS533		15	0.008 5	A	F	11.1	—
11	0.634 6	A	F	DYS643		10	0.005 7	12	0.677 1
11.1	0.011 3	9	0.002 8	A	F	11	0.090 7	13	0.107 6
12	0.243 6	10	0.170 0	8	0.025 5	11.1	—	14	0.028 3
13	0.011 3	11	0.594 9	9	0.031 2	12	0.515 6	15	0.008 5
DYS444		11.1	—	10	0.226 6	13	0.320 1	DYS522
A	F	12	0.198 3	11	0.464 6	14	0.068 0	A	F
10	0.017 2	13	0.028 3	11.1	—	DYS19		9	0.002 8
11	0.212 0	14	0.005 7	12	0.198 3	A	F	10	0.110 5
11.1	—	DYS617		13	0.051 0	13	0.031 2	11	0.368 3
12	0.272 2	A	F	14	0.002 8	14	0.223 8	11.1	—
13	0.326 6	10	0.002 8	DYS526a		15	0.413 6	12	0.410 8
14	0.143 3	11	0.124 6	A	F	16	0.232 3	13	0.085 0
15	0.028 7	11.1	—	10	0.002 7	17	0.099 2	14	0.022 7
DYS456		12	0.776 2	11	0.059 1	DYS437		DYS443
A	F	13	0.093 5	11.1	—	A	F	A	F
12	0.002 8	14	0.002 8	12	0.357 5	12	0.001 4	11	0.002 8
13	0.022 7	DYS593		13	0.354 8	13	0.005 7	12	0.116 5
14	0.133 1	A	F	14	0.166 7	14	0.478 8	13	0.440 3
15	0.628 9	14	0.002 8	15	0.053 8	15	0.371 1	14	0.159 1
16	0.124 6	15	0.359 8	16	0.002 7	16	0.094 9	15	0.230 1
17	0.070 8	16	0.453 3	17	0.002 7	17	0.041 1	16	0.039 8
18	0.017 0	17	0.172 8	DYS510		18	0.007 1	17	0.008 5
DYS446		18	0.011 3	A	F	Y_GATA_A10		18	0.002 8
A	F	DYS557		15	0.005 7	A	F	DYS576
11	0.096 3	A	F	16	0.130 3	11	0.005 7	A	F
12	0.189 8	11	0.008 5	17	0.388 1	12	0.348 4	14	0.005 7
DYS446		DYS557		DYS510		Y_GATA_A10		DYS576
A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F
13	0.399 4	12	—	18	0.362 6	13	0.368 3	15	0.017 0
14	0.192 6	13	0.045 3	18.3	—	14	0.181 3	16	0.104 8
15	0.053 8	14	0.385 3	19	0.085 0	15	0.082 2	17	0.141 6
16	0.031 2	15	0.257 8	20	0.025 5	16	0.014 2	18	0.325 8
17	0.011 3	16	0.175 6	21	0.002 8	DYS570		18.3	—
18	0.014 2	17	0.073 7	DYS458		A	F	19	0.238 0
18.3	—	18	0.025 5	A	F	14	0.005 7	20	0.124 6
19	0.008 5	18.3	0.005 7	14	0.008 5	15	0.019 8	21	0.036 8
20	0.002 8	19	0.019 8	15	0.161 5	16	0.147 3	22	0.005 7
DYS448		20	0.002 8	16	0.158 6	17	0.272 0	DYS622
A	F	DYS627		17	0.232 3	18	0.221 0	A	F
16	0.002 8	A	F	18	0.260 6	18.2	—	17	0.286 1
17	0.005 7	13	0.002 8	18.2	—	19	0.215 3	18	0.337 1
18	0.314 4	14	—	19	0.121 8	19.2	—	18.2	0.014 2
18.2	—	15	0.005 7	19.2		20	0.099 2	19	0.218 1
19	0.297 5	16	—	20	0.048 2	20.2	—	19.2	—
19.2	0.002 8	17	0.011 3	20.2	—	21	0.017 0	20	0.085 0
20	0.314 4	18	0.087 8	21	0.002 8	22	—	20.2	—
20.2	—	18.2	0.005 7	22	0.005 7	23	0.002 8	21	0.048 2
21	0.053 8	19	0.104 8	DYS481		DYS520		22	0.008 5
22	0.008 5	19.2	—	A	F	A	F	23	0.002 8
DYS587		20	0.204 0	17	0.002 8	21	0.014 2	DYS552
A	F	20.2	0.002 8	18	—	22	0.597 7	A	F
17	0.002 8	21	0.252 1	18.2	—	23	0.232 3	23	0.002 8
18	0.133 1	22	0.172 8	19	0.002 8	24	0.079 3	24	0.042 5
18.2	—	23	0.107 6	19.2	—	25	0.022 7	25	0.405 1
19	—	24	0.036 8	20	0.008 5	26	0.045 3	26	0.354 1
19.2	—	DYS390		20.2	—	27	0.008 5	27	0.127 5
20	0.467 4	A	F	21	0.034 0	DYS449		28	0.056 7
20.2	—	21	0.002 8	22	0.158 6	A	F	29	0.011 3
21	—	22	0.056 7	23	0.305 9	24	0.005 7	DYS626
22	0.198 3	23	0.354 1	24	0.206 8	25	0.008 5	A	F
23	—	24	0.317 3	25	0.138 8	26	0.053 8	25	0.008 5
24	0.124 6	25	0.255 0	26	0.079 3	27	0.062 3	26	0.039 7
25	0.056 7	26	0.011 3	27	0.022 7	28	0.048 2	27	0.121 8
26	0.014 2	27	0.002 8	28	0.017 0	29	0.102 0	28	0.187 0
27	0.002 8	DYS389Ⅱ		29	0.019 8	30	0.090 7	29	0.294 6
DYS635		A	F	30	0.002 8	31	0.201 1	30	0.172 8
A	F	26	0.014 2	DYS385 a/b		32	0.141 6	31	0.116 1
19	0.085 0	27	0.059 5	A	F	33	0.107 6	32	0.048 2
19.2	—	28	0.390 9	10,11	0.005 3	34	0.110 5	33	0.005 7
20	0.297 5	29	0.252 1	10,16	0.002 7	34.2	0.002 8	34	0.002 8
20.2	—	30	0.198 3	10,17	0.005 3	35	0.039 7	34.2	—
DYS635		DYS389Ⅱ		DYS385 a/b		DYS449		DYS626
A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F
21	0.286 1	31	0.062 3	10,18	0.002 7	36	0.019 8	35	—
22	0.175 6	32	0.014 2	11,11	0.013 4	37	0.005 7	36	0.002 8
23	0.107 6	33	0.008 5	11,12	0.016 0	DYS459 a/b		DYS447
24	0.039 7	DYF404S1 a/b		11,13	0.002 7	A	F	A	F
25	0.008 5	A	F	11,14	0.005 3	10,10	0.013 4	20	0.002 8
DYS630		11,13	0.002 7	11,15	0.002 7	7,7	0.005 3	21	0.019 8
A	F	11,14	0.002 7	11,16	0.013 4	7,8	0.005 3	22	0.025 5
25	0.008 5	11,15	0.002 7	11,17	0.005 3	7,9	0.115 0	23	0.246 5
26	0.025 5	12,12	0.008 0	11,18	0.002 7	8,8	0.066 8	24	0.221 0
27	0.076 5	12,13	0.034 8	11,19	0.010 7	8,10	0.002 7	25	0.223 8
28	0.102 0	12,14	0.026 7	11,20	0.002 7	8,9	0.064 2	26	0.085 0
29	0.385 3	12,15	0.040 1	11,21	0.002 7	9,9	0.647 1	27	0.121 8
30	0.240 8	12,16	0.024 1	11,22	0.002 7	9,10	0.077 5	28	0.051 0
31	0.136 0	12,17	0.008 0	12,12	0.018 7	9,11	0.002 7	29	0.002 8
32	0.022 7	13,13	0.112 3	12,13	0.024 1	DYS518		DYF387S1 a/b
33	0.002 8	13,14	0.107 0	12,14	0.018 7	A	F	A	F
DYS713		13,15	0.074 9	12,14.2	0.002 7	32	0.012 8	32,40	0.002 7
A	F	13,16	0.029 4	12,15	0.005 3	33	0.011 3	33,33	0.002 7
41	0.005 7	13,17	0.016 0	12,16	0.037 4	33.2	0.025 7	34,34	0.013 4
42	0.045 3	13,18	0.005 3	12,17	0.032 1	34	0.023 7	34,37	0.005 3
43	0.085 0	14,14	0.128 3	12,18	0.032 1	34.2	0.005 7	34,38	0.005 3
44	0.099 2	14,15	0.144 4	12,19	0.061 5	35	0.062 3	34,39	0.002 7
45	0.181 3	14,16	0.048 1	12,20	0.040 1	35.2	0.031 2	34,40	0.005 3
46	0.206 8	14,17	0.018 7	12,21	0.008 0	36	0.104 8	35,35	0.008 0
47	0.195 5	14,18	0.005 3	12,22	0.013 4	36.2	0.039 7	35,36	0.005 3
48	0.121 8	14,19	0.002 7	13,13	0.077 5	37	0.127 5	35,37	0.045 5
49	0.042 5	15,15	0.072 2	13,14	0.024 1	37.2	0.045 3	35,38	0.072 2
50	0.002 8	15,16	0.037 4	13,15	0.002 7	38	0.133 1	35,39	0.053 5
51	0.011 3	15,17	0.002 7	13,16	0.018 0	38.2	0.048 2	35,40	0.037 4
52	0.002 8	15,18	0.002 7	13,17	0.045 5	39	0.110 5	35,41	0.002 7
DYS527 a/b		16,16	0.026 7	13,18	0.107 0	39.2	0.031 2	35,43	0.002 7
A	F	16,17	0.002 7	13,19	0.080 2	40	0.070 8	36,36	0.037 4
19,20	0.016 0	16,18	0.002 7	13,20	0.045 5	40.2	0.028 3	36,37	0.074 9
19,20.3	0.005 3	17,17	0.002 7	13,21	0.021 4	41	0.045 3	36,38	0.064 2
19,21	0.013 4	DYS526b		13,22	0.013 4	41.2	—	36,39	0.093 6
19,21.3	0.002 7	A	F	13,23	0.002 7	42	0.002 8	36,40	0.032 1
19,22	0.005 3	32	0.005 4	14,14	0.002 7	42.2	0.011 3	37,37	0.053 5
19,23	0.018 7	33	0.021 6	14,15	0.002 7	43	0.005 7	37,38	0.061 5
19,25	0.002 7	33.2	—	14,16	0.002 7	43.2	0.022 7	37,39	0.042 8
20,20	0.021 4	34	0.140 2	14,17	0.013 4			37,40	0.034 8
20,21	0.016 0	34.2	—	14,18	0.045 5			37,41	0.016 0
20,22	0.050 8	35	0.175 2	14,19	0.016 0			37,42	0.002 7
20,23	0.066 8	35.2	—	14,20	0.010 7			38,38	0.034 8
DYS527 a/b		DYS526b		DYS385 a/b		DYS518		DYF387S1 a/b
A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F
20,24	0.074 9	36	0.261 5	14,21	0.005 3			38,38.1	0.012 7
20,25	0.024 1	36.2	—	15,15	0.005 3			38,39	0.050 8
20,26	0.002 7	37	0.231 8	15,16	0.008 0			38,40	0.034 8
21,21	0.056 1	37.2	—	15,17	0.013 4			39,39	0.032 1
21,22	0.120 3	38	0.121 3	15,18	0.010 7			39,40	0.021 4
21,23	0.080 2	38.2	—	15,19	0.010 7			39,41	0.005 3
21,24	0.037 4	39	0.018 9	15,20	0.005 3			40,40	0.021 4
21,25	0.016 0	39.2	—	16,18	0.005 3			40,41	0.002 7
22,22	0.096 3	40	0.021 6	16,19	0.002 7			41,41	0.005 3
22,23	0.090 9	40.2	—	16,20	0.005 3
22,24	0.026 7	41	0.002 7	16,21	0.002 7
22,25	0.005 3			16,23	0.002 7
22,26	0.005 3
23,23	0.074 9
23,24	0.029 4
23,26	0.005 3
23,27	0.002 7
24,24	0.024 1
25,25	0.002 7
27,27	0.002 7

DYS393		Y_GATA_H4		DYS439		DYS392		DYS389I
A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F
11	0.002 8	10	0.070 8	8	0.002 8	10	0.011 3	11	0.002 8
12	0.501 4	11	0.317 3	9	—	11	0.062 3	12	0.583 6
13	0.308 8	12	0.526 9	10	0.028 3	12	0.073 7	13	0.260 6
14	0.161 5	13	0.085 0	11	0.351 3	13	0.470 3	14	0.150 1
15	0.022 7	DYS645		12	0.444 8	14	0.351 3	15	0.002 8
16	0.002 8	A	F	13	0.150 1	15	0.028 3	DYS596
DYS438		8	0.971 7	14	0.017 0	16	0.002 8	A	F
A	F	9	0.028 3	15	0.005 7	DYS460		13	0.005 7
9	0.011 3	DYS391		DYS388		A	F	14	0.280 5
10	0.711 0	A	F	A	F	8	0.002 8	15	0.648 7
11	0.246 5	6	0.008 5	9	0.002 8	9	0.339 9	16	0.056 7
12	0.019 8	8	—	10	0.184 1	10	0.467 4	17	0.008 5
13	0.011 3	9	0.034 0	11	—	11	0.170 0	DYS508
DYS531		10	0.762 0	12	0.711 0	12	0.017 0	A	F
A	F	11	0.192 6	13	0.073 7	13	0.002 8	10	0.022 7
9	0.011 3	12	0.002 8	14	0.019 8	DYS549		11	0.155 8
10	0.087 8	DYS533		15	0.008 5	A	F	11.1	—
11	0.634 6	A	F	DYS643		10	0.005 7	12	0.677 1
11.1	0.011 3	9	0.002 8	A	F	11	0.090 7	13	0.107 6
12	0.243 6	10	0.170 0	8	0.025 5	11.1	—	14	0.028 3
13	0.011 3	11	0.594 9	9	0.031 2	12	0.515 6	15	0.008 5
DYS444		11.1	—	10	0.226 6	13	0.320 1	DYS522
A	F	12	0.198 3	11	0.464 6	14	0.068 0	A	F
10	0.017 2	13	0.028 3	11.1	—	DYS19		9	0.002 8
11	0.212 0	14	0.005 7	12	0.198 3	A	F	10	0.110 5
11.1	—	DYS617		13	0.051 0	13	0.031 2	11	0.368 3
12	0.272 2	A	F	14	0.002 8	14	0.223 8	11.1	—
13	0.326 6	10	0.002 8	DYS526a		15	0.413 6	12	0.410 8
14	0.143 3	11	0.124 6	A	F	16	0.232 3	13	0.085 0
15	0.028 7	11.1	—	10	0.002 7	17	0.099 2	14	0.022 7
DYS456		12	0.776 2	11	0.059 1	DYS437		DYS443
A	F	13	0.093 5	11.1	—	A	F	A	F
12	0.002 8	14	0.002 8	12	0.357 5	12	0.001 4	11	0.002 8
13	0.022 7	DYS593		13	0.354 8	13	0.005 7	12	0.116 5
14	0.133 1	A	F	14	0.166 7	14	0.478 8	13	0.440 3
15	0.628 9	14	0.002 8	15	0.053 8	15	0.371 1	14	0.159 1
16	0.124 6	15	0.359 8	16	0.002 7	16	0.094 9	15	0.230 1
17	0.070 8	16	0.453 3	17	0.002 7	17	0.041 1	16	0.039 8
18	0.017 0	17	0.172 8	DYS510		18	0.007 1	17	0.008 5
DYS446		18	0.011 3	A	F	Y_GATA_A10		18	0.002 8
A	F	DYS557		15	0.005 7	A	F	DYS576
11	0.096 3	A	F	16	0.130 3	11	0.005 7	A	F
12	0.189 8	11	0.008 5	17	0.388 1	12	0.348 4	14	0.005 7
DYS446		DYS557		DYS510		Y_GATA_A10		DYS576
A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F
13	0.399 4	12	—	18	0.362 6	13	0.368 3	15	0.017 0
14	0.192 6	13	0.045 3	18.3	—	14	0.181 3	16	0.104 8
15	0.053 8	14	0.385 3	19	0.085 0	15	0.082 2	17	0.141 6
16	0.031 2	15	0.257 8	20	0.025 5	16	0.014 2	18	0.325 8
17	0.011 3	16	0.175 6	21	0.002 8	DYS570		18.3	—
18	0.014 2	17	0.073 7	DYS458		A	F	19	0.238 0
18.3	—	18	0.025 5	A	F	14	0.005 7	20	0.124 6
19	0.008 5	18.3	0.005 7	14	0.008 5	15	0.019 8	21	0.036 8
20	0.002 8	19	0.019 8	15	0.161 5	16	0.147 3	22	0.005 7
DYS448		20	0.002 8	16	0.158 6	17	0.272 0	DYS622
A	F	DYS627		17	0.232 3	18	0.221 0	A	F
16	0.002 8	A	F	18	0.260 6	18.2	—	17	0.286 1
17	0.005 7	13	0.002 8	18.2	—	19	0.215 3	18	0.337 1
18	0.314 4	14	—	19	0.121 8	19.2	—	18.2	0.014 2
18.2	—	15	0.005 7	19.2		20	0.099 2	19	0.218 1
19	0.297 5	16	—	20	0.048 2	20.2	—	19.2	—
19.2	0.002 8	17	0.011 3	20.2	—	21	0.017 0	20	0.085 0
20	0.314 4	18	0.087 8	21	0.002 8	22	—	20.2	—
20.2	—	18.2	0.005 7	22	0.005 7	23	0.002 8	21	0.048 2
21	0.053 8	19	0.104 8	DYS481		DYS520		22	0.008 5
22	0.008 5	19.2	—	A	F	A	F	23	0.002 8
DYS587		20	0.204 0	17	0.002 8	21	0.014 2	DYS552
A	F	20.2	0.002 8	18	—	22	0.597 7	A	F
17	0.002 8	21	0.252 1	18.2	—	23	0.232 3	23	0.002 8
18	0.133 1	22	0.172 8	19	0.002 8	24	0.079 3	24	0.042 5
18.2	—	23	0.107 6	19.2	—	25	0.022 7	25	0.405 1
19	—	24	0.036 8	20	0.008 5	26	0.045 3	26	0.354 1
19.2	—	DYS390		20.2	—	27	0.008 5	27	0.127 5
20	0.467 4	A	F	21	0.034 0	DYS449		28	0.056 7
20.2	—	21	0.002 8	22	0.158 6	A	F	29	0.011 3
21	—	22	0.056 7	23	0.305 9	24	0.005 7	DYS626
22	0.198 3	23	0.354 1	24	0.206 8	25	0.008 5	A	F
23	—	24	0.317 3	25	0.138 8	26	0.053 8	25	0.008 5
24	0.124 6	25	0.255 0	26	0.079 3	27	0.062 3	26	0.039 7
25	0.056 7	26	0.011 3	27	0.022 7	28	0.048 2	27	0.121 8
26	0.014 2	27	0.002 8	28	0.017 0	29	0.102 0	28	0.187 0
27	0.002 8	DYS389Ⅱ		29	0.019 8	30	0.090 7	29	0.294 6
DYS635		A	F	30	0.002 8	31	0.201 1	30	0.172 8
A	F	26	0.014 2	DYS385 a/b		32	0.141 6	31	0.116 1
19	0.085 0	27	0.059 5	A	F	33	0.107 6	32	0.048 2
19.2	—	28	0.390 9	10,11	0.005 3	34	0.110 5	33	0.005 7
20	0.297 5	29	0.252 1	10,16	0.002 7	34.2	0.002 8	34	0.002 8
20.2	—	30	0.198 3	10,17	0.005 3	35	0.039 7	34.2	—
DYS635		DYS389Ⅱ		DYS385 a/b		DYS449		DYS626
A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F
21	0.286 1	31	0.062 3	10,18	0.002 7	36	0.019 8	35	—
22	0.175 6	32	0.014 2	11,11	0.013 4	37	0.005 7	36	0.002 8
23	0.107 6	33	0.008 5	11,12	0.016 0	DYS459 a/b		DYS447
24	0.039 7	DYF404S1 a/b		11,13	0.002 7	A	F	A	F
25	0.008 5	A	F	11,14	0.005 3	10,10	0.013 4	20	0.002 8
DYS630		11,13	0.002 7	11,15	0.002 7	7,7	0.005 3	21	0.019 8
A	F	11,14	0.002 7	11,16	0.013 4	7,8	0.005 3	22	0.025 5
25	0.008 5	11,15	0.002 7	11,17	0.005 3	7,9	0.115 0	23	0.246 5
26	0.025 5	12,12	0.008 0	11,18	0.002 7	8,8	0.066 8	24	0.221 0
27	0.076 5	12,13	0.034 8	11,19	0.010 7	8,10	0.002 7	25	0.223 8
28	0.102 0	12,14	0.026 7	11,20	0.002 7	8,9	0.064 2	26	0.085 0
29	0.385 3	12,15	0.040 1	11,21	0.002 7	9,9	0.647 1	27	0.121 8
30	0.240 8	12,16	0.024 1	11,22	0.002 7	9,10	0.077 5	28	0.051 0
31	0.136 0	12,17	0.008 0	12,12	0.018 7	9,11	0.002 7	29	0.002 8
32	0.022 7	13,13	0.112 3	12,13	0.024 1	DYS518		DYF387S1 a/b
33	0.002 8	13,14	0.107 0	12,14	0.018 7	A	F	A	F
DYS713		13,15	0.074 9	12,14.2	0.002 7	32	0.012 8	32,40	0.002 7
A	F	13,16	0.029 4	12,15	0.005 3	33	0.011 3	33,33	0.002 7
41	0.005 7	13,17	0.016 0	12,16	0.037 4	33.2	0.025 7	34,34	0.013 4
42	0.045 3	13,18	0.005 3	12,17	0.032 1	34	0.023 7	34,37	0.005 3
43	0.085 0	14,14	0.128 3	12,18	0.032 1	34.2	0.005 7	34,38	0.005 3
44	0.099 2	14,15	0.144 4	12,19	0.061 5	35	0.062 3	34,39	0.002 7
45	0.181 3	14,16	0.048 1	12,20	0.040 1	35.2	0.031 2	34,40	0.005 3
46	0.206 8	14,17	0.018 7	12,21	0.008 0	36	0.104 8	35,35	0.008 0
47	0.195 5	14,18	0.005 3	12,22	0.013 4	36.2	0.039 7	35,36	0.005 3
48	0.121 8	14,19	0.002 7	13,13	0.077 5	37	0.127 5	35,37	0.045 5
49	0.042 5	15,15	0.072 2	13,14	0.024 1	37.2	0.045 3	35,38	0.072 2
50	0.002 8	15,16	0.037 4	13,15	0.002 7	38	0.133 1	35,39	0.053 5
51	0.011 3	15,17	0.002 7	13,16	0.018 0	38.2	0.048 2	35,40	0.037 4
52	0.002 8	15,18	0.002 7	13,17	0.045 5	39	0.110 5	35,41	0.002 7
DYS527 a/b		16,16	0.026 7	13,18	0.107 0	39.2	0.031 2	35,43	0.002 7
A	F	16,17	0.002 7	13,19	0.080 2	40	0.070 8	36,36	0.037 4
19,20	0.016 0	16,18	0.002 7	13,20	0.045 5	40.2	0.028 3	36,37	0.074 9
19,20.3	0.005 3	17,17	0.002 7	13,21	0.021 4	41	0.045 3	36,38	0.064 2
19,21	0.013 4	DYS526b		13,22	0.013 4	41.2	—	36,39	0.093 6
19,21.3	0.002 7	A	F	13,23	0.002 7	42	0.002 8	36,40	0.032 1
19,22	0.005 3	32	0.005 4	14,14	0.002 7	42.2	0.011 3	37,37	0.053 5
19,23	0.018 7	33	0.021 6	14,15	0.002 7	43	0.005 7	37,38	0.061 5
19,25	0.002 7	33.2	—	14,16	0.002 7	43.2	0.022 7	37,39	0.042 8
20,20	0.021 4	34	0.140 2	14,17	0.013 4			37,40	0.034 8
20,21	0.016 0	34.2	—	14,18	0.045 5			37,41	0.016 0
20,22	0.050 8	35	0.175 2	14,19	0.016 0			37,42	0.002 7
20,23	0.066 8	35.2	—	14,20	0.010 7			38,38	0.034 8
DYS527 a/b		DYS526b		DYS385 a/b		DYS518		DYF387S1 a/b
A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F	A	F
20,24	0.074 9	36	0.261 5	14,21	0.005 3			38,38.1	0.012 7
20,25	0.024 1	36.2	—	15,15	0.005 3			38,39	0.050 8
20,26	0.002 7	37	0.231 8	15,16	0.008 0			38,40	0.034 8
21,21	0.056 1	37.2	—	15,17	0.013 4			39,39	0.032 1
21,22	0.120 3	38	0.121 3	15,18	0.010 7			39,40	0.021 4
21,23	0.080 2	38.2	—	15,19	0.010 7			39,41	0.005 3
21,24	0.037 4	39	0.018 9	15,20	0.005 3			40,40	0.021 4
21,25	0.016 0	39.2	—	16,18	0.005 3			40,41	0.002 7
22,22	0.096 3	40	0.021 6	16,19	0.002 7			41,41	0.005 3
22,23	0.090 9	40.2	—	16,20	0.005 3
22,24	0.026 7	41	0.002 7	16,21	0.002 7
22,25	0.005 3			16,23	0.002 7
22,26	0.005 3
23,23	0.074 9
23,24	0.029 4
23,26	0.005 3
23,27	0.002 7
24,24	0.024 1
25,25	0.002 7
27,27	0.002 7

基因座组合	单倍型数量	HD	DC
YSP	372	0.999 971	0.994 652
Y37	372	0.999 971	0.994 652
Y59	374	1.000 000	1.000 000
Y-L 44	373	0.999 986	0.997 326
Y-H 15	372	0.999 971	0.994 652

基因座组合	单倍型数量	HD	DC
YSP	372	0.999 971	0.994 652
Y37	372	0.999 971	0.994 652
Y59	374	1.000 000	1.000 000
Y-L 44	373	0.999 986	0.997 326
Y-H 15	372	0.999 971	0.994 652

[1]	Luyao LI, Ning LYU, Yongjie ZHAI, Run ZHANG, Anxin YAN, Fuquan JIA. Genetic Polymorphism Analysis on Short Tandem Repeats of Y Chromosome in Han Population of Hohhot [J]. Current Biotechnology, 2025, 15(3): 544-554.
[2]	Longfei MIAO, Dapeng SUN, Wenhua MA, Jianjun ZHONG. Analysis of Genetic Polymorphisms at 37 Y⁃STR Loci in Dezhou Han Population [J]. Current Biotechnology, 2022, 12(2): 288-295.
[3]	JIN Tao1, TIAN Yang1, QUAN Yanzhao1, LI Mingliang1, YAN Anxin2, LI Luyao3*. #br# Analysis of Genetic Polymorphisms at 38 Y-STR Loci in Tongchuan Han Population [J]. Curr. Biotech., 2021, 11(2): 223-230.

Efficacy Evaluation of Forensic Polymorphism Application of 59 Y-STR

59个Y-STR基因座的法医学多态性应用效能评估

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