Abstract: In vitro regeneration system of foxtail millet is not stable and its transformation efficiency is low, which has become the bottleneck of functional gene research and variety improvement of foxtail millet. In order to establish a stable in vitro regeneration system for mature millet embryos, the mature embryos of 6 local foxtail millet varieties with high yield and good quality were used as explants, and the effects of different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and different desiccation treatment time on embryogenic callus were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiment  on callus differentiation and seedling formation of foxtail millet. The results showed that the best regeneration system was established under the conditions of Jingu21, 2,4-D concentration of 9 μmol·L-1 and 4 h desiccation treatment. Under these conditions, the differentiation rate was 64.35%, and the seedling formation rate was 29.06%. The study provided a basis for the establishment of efficient and stable genetic transformation of millet and the quality improvement by means of genetic engineering by exploring the optimum conditions for tissue culture of millet.

Key words: foxtail millet varieties, 2,4-D concentrations, desiccation, orthogonal experiment method

摘要： 谷子离体再生体系不够稳定、转化效率低，已成为谷子功能基因研究和品种改良的瓶颈。为了建立谷子成熟胚稳定的离体再生体系，以当地高产优质的6个谷子品种成熟胚为外植体，以不同2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid，2,4-D）浓度及对胚性愈伤的不同干燥处理时间为变量，通过单因素实验和正交实验考察各因素对谷子愈伤组织分化及成苗的影响。结果表明，晋谷21在2,4-D浓度为9 μmol·L-1、4 h干燥处理的条件下所建立的再生体系最好，分化率为64.35%，成苗率为29.06%。研究通过探索谷子组织培养的最适条件，为谷子高效稳定遗传转化体系的建立和利用基因工程手段进行品质改良提供了依据。

关键词: 谷子品种, 2, 4-D浓度, 干燥处理, 正交实验法