Abstract: Under environmental stress, plants would produce a series of stress responses, and the heat shock transcription factors play important roles in stress tolerance and other life activities in plants by mediating the transcription and expression of heat shock proteins or other heat-inducible genes. The basic protein domains of plant heat shock transcription factors were introduced, and the functions and mechanism of three kinds of plant heat shock transcription factors were expounded when plant subjected to extreme temperature（high temperature and low temperature）stress, drought stress, high salt stress and reactive oxygen species stress. In addition, the development and application prospects of plant heat shock transcription factors in plant breeding and enhancing plant stress resistance were discussed, which may provide theoretical reference for future study on the biological function and mechanism of heat shock transcription factors during regulating plant resistance to stress.

Key words: heat shock transcription factor, abiotic stresses, high temperature, drought

摘要： 植物在遭受环境胁迫时会产生一系列应激反应，而热激转录因子可通过介导热激蛋白或其他热诱导基因的转录和表达，来参与调控植物抵抗逆境胁迫过程和其他生命活动。主要介绍了植物热激转录因子的基本蛋白结构域，阐述了3类热激转录因子在抗极端温度（高温、低温）胁迫、干旱胁迫、高盐胁迫、活性氧胁迫中的功能与作用机制，并探讨和展望了植物热激转录因子在植物育种和提高植物抗逆性的研究中的发展与应用前景，以期为深入研究热激转录因子在调控植物抵抗逆境胁迫中的生物学功能与机制提供理论参考。

关键词: 热激转录因子, 非生物胁迫, 高温, 干旱