Abstract: Horns are the distinctive feature of  Bovidae family. However, these appendages have been undesirable in the modern cattle industry because they can lead to human injuries, but cattle dehorning can lead to economic losses and go against with the animal welfare. So more attention are focused on the polled trait. In this paper, we reviewed the morphological and occurrence regularity of horn, the natural hornless and scurs trait. We also summarized the gene mutations related to the hornless and scurs, and the progress of biotechnology cultivation of hornless cattle. At last, the research direction of the occurrence mechanism of horn traits was prospected.

Key words: morphological occurrence, hornless, gene mutation, gene editing, occurrence mechanism

摘要： 角是牛科动物特有的组织结构，但是在现代化养殖中容易造成人员伤亡，而人为除角又会违背动物福利且浪费人力物力，因此牛无角性状引发了高度关注。综述了牛角的形态及发生规律、自然界中存在的天然无角及角畸形性状，归纳总结了导致无角和角畸形性状的基因突变，以及通过基因编辑技术培育无角牛的研究进展，并展望了牛角性状发生机制的研究方向。

关键词: 形态发生, 无角牛, 基因突变, 基因编辑, 发生机制